ISIDA Eiichiro

ISIDA Eiichiro (1903-1968) - Japan. ethnographer and folklorist, founder of the Japanese. Cultural Anthropology. In 1924-26 he studied at the economical. f-te Zap in Kyoto, to-ing was forced to leave because of the leftist convictions and involvement in his political activities. In 1937-39 at etnologich. Department of Philosophy. Faculty Vienna Zap studying ethnology under the guidance of priests in. Schmidt and B. Koppersa, the most prominent representatives of the Viennese school, supporters diffusionism and theory of cultural circles. Prof.. Tokyo University (1951). In 1955, founded and heads the department of cultural anthropology and human geography at the ped. f-cho Tokyo Zap. President Japan. etnologich. Association (1960) and Japan. ethnographer. ob-va (1968). Was a member of the Amer. anthropological. Association, Japan. anthropological. ob-va, Japan. Sociology. Association.
And. conducted field research among the Ainu, in decomp. parts of Japan and eastern. Asia (among the Tungus, Mongol, etc.). In the first stage of scientific activity and. was strongly influenced by his Viennese teachers diffuzionistov. He studied especially Japan. culture as part of a single Vostochnoaziat. cultural area, using cultural methods of teaching on Comparative cultural circles. The most well known works from this period, a study of kappa - fantastic. beings-vampires (1948); The work was to compare the character was based on finding analogues in the mythologies of decomp. vostochnoaziat. People.

Late stage of scientific activity and. connected with an attempt theor. substantiate the close relationship between materialistic. look at the history and the anthropology of and. concept of culture in its understanding neoevolyutsionistskoy school, ie. an attempt to connect the social history and anthropology. This phase is marked by the influence of Amer. etnopsihol. schools, although. not fully accepted her cultural relativist position. I. proposed a classification of Eurasian cultures and religions, it is based mirovozzrench. differences between skotovodch. and pastoral peoples of the desert-steppe zone (the peoples of Europe and the Bl. East) and zemledelch. peoples of southern. and eastern. mainland. Religions of the 1-st group - Judaism, Christianity, Islam, religion, 2-nd group - Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism,. Basic Fixes. mirovozzrench. presentation of the pastoral and skotovodch. People are as follows: 1) the world is created, 2) monotheism, the belief in the Divine Absolute, and 3) in the world dominated by rationality, 4) 'ori-geared to the sky ideology', 5) male principle; 6) intolerance; 7) uncompromising confrontation. In the outlook of farmers dominate the following representations and features: 1) the world exists as a given, and 2) polytheism, and 3) irrationality, 4) 'ground-oriented ideology', 5) the female principle; 6) Tolerance 7) compromise, Adaptation (1965). In the posthumously published work of Japan. Culture '(1969) II, in contrast to unikalistskim concepts Jpn. culture, focused on the role of cultural contacts and exchanges in the culture of their country, using the confirmation of his thoughts methods of interdisciplinary research using anthropological., п°я€я?п?пЎп?., Linguistic. and etnologich. data.