Vakhitov Mullanur

Mullanur Vakhitov was lucky man: born in a wealthy family, which enabled him to get an excellent education. In a few months, made a stellar career: by the decree of Lenin became chairman of the Central Muslim Commissariat. Luck turned against him only once, when Kazan took the White Czechs ... Even after the tragic death of it, unlike many of his comrades had not been slandered, is lost in the camps. His name is given to the company, ship, schools, a district. Even a monument to him appeared in Kazan in the early eighties. And lingered mayors and architects for another couple of years, and the new socio-political storm, known as perestroika, would forever bury the project. Even now, when on a high hill in the heart of the capital of Tatarstan in the open wind coat proudly stands the stone Vakhitov, he is seen more as a familiar accessory cityscape. Few recall what he was famous. A pity ... After all, whatever ideology or was in the yard, the memory of the past for any civilized society is sacred.

. Galina KIRILLOVICH, "View"




. The glorious Mullanure


. For a long time the burial place of one of the most famous Tatar revolutionaries remained a mystery
. And who did they not fought hard to get to the truth: and comrades in the struggle, and historians, and ethnographers amateur. Vain ... It took several decades before the grave Mullanura Vakhitova managed to put the first flower. And in the end found her cousin - a cousin Vakhitova, Kazan artist Khadjimourad Kazakov. However, luck smiled at him, not by chance. I Kazakova first arose purely professional interest in the person of kin (Vakhitov looks from many of his paintings), then it woke up local historian and he proceeded to his own "private" investigation. A lot of time spent in the archives, met with people who knew Vakhitova. In the end, fate gave him a long-awaited meeting. He learned that his daughter is alive one of the gravediggers and buried Vakhitova at Archangel Cemetery - Fedulov Nikitina, and met with her. It turned out that her father, learned in the shot of one of the most famous revolutionaries of Kazan, then told his daughter's case and pointed out the grave. Moreover, the daughter Nikitina remember many details. She told that the dead were several of them brought on a wagon, guarded by two Czechs, and was buried in the twilight. Despite this, Fedulov noticed that Vakhitov was something red, and his clothes and his face stained with fresh clay. Surprised by the sexton began to ask the soldiers what was going. They explained that the shot by the Bolsheviks initially buried at St. Savior's Cemetery, but later, at the urging of the Kazan clergy, have changed the decision. Thus was discovered one of the mysteries of the modern history of Kazan.

But another mystery - much more interesting - probably until the end already and will not be solved. What made the young man from a wealthy family, . brilliantly educated, . enthusiastically reading the French Enlightenment, . carried away the works of Indian and Arab philosophers, . Studied "The Lay of Igor", . worship Theater, . embark on a revolutionary borbyN pain for ordinary people, . whose image is (very far from real) was formed in the minds of many as the Russian, . and Tatar intelligentovN Education ridden revolutionary ferment in Petersburg, . where Vakhitov was a student first Polytechnic, . then Psychoneurological institutions, . Metropolitan Police Department are calling it as "nests of the revolution" N way, . the last of the named institution he enrolled himself Academy Bekhterev,
. There Vakhitov studied at the same time as Frunze, Gamarnik, Larisa Reisner and others in the future known revolutionaries. Likely played a role, both. Be that as it may, the Beautiful Lady Vakhitova until the last hour remained Revolution. He died with the words: "Communism does not kill!" However, a member of the Bolshevik Party Vakhitov and did not, but worked with them closely.

After the February Revolution, his political revolutionary activity becomes legal. Due to the organizational talent Vakhitov immediately turns on the mind. In April 1917 he became head of the Muslim Socialist Committee, formed in Kazan. After the October revolution, as mentioned above, Mullanur Vakhitov Lenin appointed Commissioner for Muslim Affairs. About Vakhitova those years were memories of his fellow-revolutionaries. Here's how to remember him, Yakub Chanyshev:

"Mullanur Vakhitov tribune was a remarkable and brilliant orator. Each of his speech at rallies, meetings and in print was always bright, interesting, spicy. He was able to clearly and logically break down their opponents, causing a storm of enthusiasm on the part of workers, soldiers and peasants, and the fury of mercenaries of the bourgeoisie ". Immediately Chanyshev gives an example of how the newspaper "Work" Vakhitov finished with nationalist Fouad Tuktarova: "Throwing on the shoulders worn chapan lzhenatsionalizma, minstrel Fouad moved to a campaign. So he wanders along the banks tinnogo Bulak and surly Cabana, calling on rich their anti-socialists ". "We who worked with him in those years beside him, - wrote Chanyshev - I would like to highlight a few words and some aspects of his character. Being energetic, deeply principled, he never abused his power in dealing with people was very courteous, straightforward and polite. Could not stand it careerists, flatterers and hypocrites. It ends abruptly in the middle of those who spoke with him disingenuous, false.

. Unfortunately, these memories, as well as many others, created in the years of Soviet power, more like a black and white photograph than the portrait painted in bright colors
. This is understandable: for those who wrote them was more important to show Mullanura Vakhitova as indomitable revolutionary than as a bright man of marked individuality.





Thus, when asked why, with his abilities, he is not in school, but in a real school Vakhitov said: "I do not want classical education. I would like to receive special education, be useful in life ". The desire to be useful guided them to life.


. ... and his relatives


. When, after several years of the Jacobin dictatorship and the collapse of Napoleon's Empire to power in France returned Bourbons, King compensate surviving aristocrats not only moral, but as far as resources permit, material losses
. Germany still provides assistance to victims of fascism, although the current Germanic government has no relation to the Nazis. The Bolsheviks came to Kazan September 10, 1918 and declared a national hero Mullanura Vakhitova. Nevertheless, his mother, Emmugulsum, died in 1957 in dire poverty. She was buried in the means Khadjimourad Kazakova. The fact is that in the years of Stalinism was not taken too much to say about those who worked closely with Lenin, and even more so to help their relatives. Well, after the 53rd year, it seems, simply no one came into his head that his mother Vakhitova alive.

Casanova and Vakhitov - a branch of a family tree. Casanova are known not only because they are relatives Vakhitova. In the fate of this family is reflected contemporary history of Russia and Tatarstan. Ishaq Kazakov - the son of a Salesman, by education teacher. In 1900 he became director of the Russian-Tatar schools in Tetyushi, he was books for children, and taught himself. In his class studied boys, and his wife Nafisa worked with girls. Mullanur Vakhitov, with whom they were almost the same age, made of Isaac the same conviction, a revolutionary, which was itself. In the end, that in 1911 he was arrested. Eight months Ishaq Kazakov spent in prison, then was sent into exile in Simbirsk. In exile, and his son was born Khadjimourad. After the Revolution, the Cossacks of the first member of the government of Tatarstan, where he focused on culture. In 1922 he edited the literary and scientific collection of "Beach People", dedicated to fighting raging in the Volga famine. Now these delicate yellowed pages, typed in small print, with venomous caricature - is a historical relic. Collected together under one cover articles not only heads the newly formed republic and the Kazan scientists who decided to follow the masses to strive for a bright future. It is curious that the approach to the problem of hunger, too, was not only practical, but also scientific, often historical. Editorials analyzed the activity of various Russian rulers to fight hunger, from Boris Godunov and ending with the last of the Romanovs and Kerensky.

. But the interest in pedagogy not leave Ishaq Kazakova and in these tense days: to free from public duties, he wrote plays for children
. Unfortunately, this bright and life ended tragically. In sad for many in 1937 Ishaq Kazakov, have done so much for the approval of the Soviet regime, was arrested and almost immediately shot. During this time he was already retired. The family learned of his death only in 53-m.

No less wonderful life he lived and his son Khadjimourad - a talented artist. He died in 1984. His daughter, Epoch Kazakova, carefully keeping family heirlooms - the manuscript grandfather and father's paintings. Now it is - the main family "historian".

- Dad has lived a difficult but very interesting life - tells Epoch Hadzhimuratovna. - He was the son of an "enemy people" in general was very difficult to break through in those years. But he still was able to receive academic education, and was the first Tatar painter who received his. He studied in Leningrad. Then, on his lot to have a war wound, because of which he eventually became disabled. But, in spite of that, my father worked hard: do not draw it just could not. When due to illness was unable to hold the brush, terribly worried.

Shortly after his death, I organized an exhibition of his father. It took a whole floor of Exhibition Hall. Half of the paintings was sold. But now I, unfortunately, not enough time again to do the show, and many beautiful paintings just lying in my closets and attic.

His first received recognition canvases Khadjimourad Kazakov created before the war. The most famous of them: a group portrait of Tatar artists, written in 1939. The choice is not surprising. After all, the artist knew and Musa Jalil, and Sharif, Kamal, and other heroes of his paintings.

. But the two images is particularly interested him all his life, excited the imagination and made again and again to take up the brush: relative Mullanura Vakhitov and classic of the Tatar literature Gabdulla Tukaya
. Incidentally, one of the most famous paintings Kazakova - "Little Tukai" - is now in the museum of the poet in Kyrlae.

After painting the second hobby was astronomy. Kazakov traveled almost the entire Soviet Union, observed solar and lunar eclipses. His daughter, he is not named in honor of Shakespeare's heroines, and the name of a distant star.

When these people leave, the void is formed not only in the lives of their loved ones, though perhaps it is not immediately noticeable. Then you start to think that we were not sufficiently valued, float in the memory of a thousand trivialities, when all we could behave differently. In life Khadjimourad Kazakova was a lot of experiences: principled and honest people usually begin to appreciate late in a lifetime. Thus, he was expelled from the Union of Artists. PochemuN now no longer worth stir old resentments, especially because of his art could not alienate anyone.

Talent from God, and he had one. Do not offend God gifts and Isaac Kazakova, and Mullanura Vakhitova. And as for what they consume, each chooses for himself.