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Max Wertheimer

( Psychologist)

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Biography Max Wertheimer
Born: April 15, 1880, Prague, Austria-Hungary.

Died: October 12, 1943, New Rochelle, New York, USA.

Interests: experimental psychology, military psychology, philosophy, psychology and theoretical psychology, psychological study of social problems, legal psychology.

Education: Ph.D., University of Wц?rzburg, 1904.

Professional experience: Psychological Institute of Berlin, 1916-29, professor of the University of Frankfurt, 1929-33, professor of the New School for Social Research, New York, 1933-43; badge of honor of Wilhelm Wundt, 1980.

Max Wertheimer is one of the founders of Gestalt psychology - one of the most significant trends in the science. He studied law and philosophy at Kardovskiy University in Prague and studied philosophy and music together with Stumpf and Schumann in Berlin, before you get a doctorate with honors in Psychology in Wц?rzburg (led Kyulpe).

The main contribution of Wertheimer was a demonstration of fi-(phi)-a phenomenon - an optical illusion of motion of two fixed light sources. Gestalt psychology has used this phenomenon in order to emphasize that the experience (in this case the perception of motion) is not a simple sum of factors. Total geshtaltisty not approve the study of individual elements in order to understand the thoughts and actions of man.

Wertheimer emphasized the paramount importance of studying for a meaningful understanding of its parts. However Koffka, Goldstein and Grula he founded a new journal Psychologische Forschung for the publication of research results Gestalt school. He combined his views in "law of accuracy", which included such things as proximity, similarity, closure and symmetry. He believed that these phenomena are perceived mainly because consciousness imposes certain sensations organizational principles.

Political developments in Germany, Wertheimer was forced to leave the professorships in the University of Frankfurt. After emigrating to New York in 1934, he set about organizing the New School for Social Research, where he taught and wrote about social values, truth and ethics gestalt.


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