Venevitinov Dmitry

Born September 14, 1805, died March 15, 1827
Descended from an ancient noble family, Venevitinov grew up in the most favorable conditions, using careful placement of intelligent and educated mothers. Because of its special influence mentors had on Venevitinov intelligent and enlightened French Alsatian Dorer, well acquainted him with the French and Roman literature. Greek language Venevitinov learned from Greek Bailo, publisher of the Greek classics. Venevitinov early acquainted with the ancient classical world, hence the graceful harmony of his mental structure, clearly reflected in the inextricable link between his poetic inspiration and his philosophical thinking; contemporaries called him "the poet of thought". He also had the ability to painting and considerable musical talent. In the students he did, and listened to the lectures of some university professors. Especially interested in his courses п?.пє. Merzlyakov I.I. Davydova, MG. Pavlova and professor of anatomy Loder. The last three tried to link the teaching of his subject with the then dominant in the west of Schelling's philosophical system, and undoubtedly contributed greatly to the intellectual development in the spirit of Venevitinov Schellingism. Merzlyakov benefited the university youth made himself available to the public teacher interviews; here Venevitinov soon attracted general attention to a clear and profound intellect and a remarkable dialectic. These qualities he displayed in the circle of students, which was the center of NM. Rozhalin; young people engaged in philosophical debates, and read their own writings on various abstract themes. In 1825, Mr.. Venevitinov determined in a Moscow archive of Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Ease of service left a lot of free time. From the above circle formed fairly numerous literary society, . and five of its members were more intimate secret "societies of wisdom", . to the exclusive study of philosophy, . predominantly German, but it was they themselves closed, . owing to fear, . Excited event Dec. 14, . which were familiar to their touch and relatives,
. Among the minor works, . read in the assembly of, . belong prosaic outline Venevitinov: "Sculpture, . Painting and Music ", . "Morning, . noon, . evening and night ", . "Conversations with Plato Alexander", . representing (last - even on the form itself) successful imitation of Plato's dialogues, . as the development of ideas, . and on the poetic tone,
. Members of the society was the desire to have their organ. Initially intended to publish Almanac (Almanacs were then in vogue), but Pushkin, who arrived in early September, 1826. in Moscow, suggested to establish a monthly mug. Venevitinov, who was in a distant relative of Alexander Pushkin and already known to him in an article on the first song "Eugene Onegin", outlined a program conceived periodical entitled it: "A few thoughts on the plan of the journal. Soon we started to publish "Moscow Messenger, . in the spirit of venevitinovskoy program, . in which the main task of Russian periodical magazine is "to establish our scientific aesthetic criticism on the basis of German speculative philosophy, and in fostering public awareness of beliefs about the need to apply the philosophical principle to the study of all eras of Sciences and Arts",
. Published from the beginning of 1827, under the supervision of collective editorial and under the official responsibility Stamp. Pogodin. Venevitinov had already entered the service from Moscow to St. Petersburg, the Office of Foreign Board. This helped platonic Venevitinovs beloved Princess Zinaida Aleksandrovna Volkonskaia. Departing from Moscow in late October, Venevitinov brought a companion, at the request of the same Volkonskaya, Frenchman Vaucher, who had just spent in Siberia Princess E.I. Trubetskoi that followed there for her husband Decembrist. At the entrance to St. Petersburg and Vaucher Venevitinov were arrested as a result of extreme suspicion of all police officers, who had even the slightest relevance to the participants of the conspiracy on Dec. 14. The three-day detention had on Venevitinov deleterious effect: in addition to the heavy moral experience, stay in a wet and wearing untidy cloths indoor harmful effect on him and already in poor health. He longed for Moscow, where he left his beloved family, Princess Volkonskaia that his fellow literary societies and jointly started by the magazine, whose care Venevitinov strongly expressed in the surviving letters to his Pogodin and other. Dissatisfaction with his position prompted him to think of an early departure for service in Persia. Prior to his departure from Moscow Venevitinov warmly given to the study of German philosophers: Schelling, . Fichte, . Oken, . as well as the works of Plato, . who read in the original (these studies it shows a small work, . they performed for Princess Alexandra Troubetzkoy: "Letter of philosophy, . Plato's great for the harmonious exposition and impeccable clarity of thought),
. Venevitinov, apparently, just more time was devoted to poetic creativity. This is seen as the number of his few poems in general, attributable to the St. Petersburg period of his life, and from them made in the perfection of form and depth of content. In early March, returning lightly dressed with the ball, Venevitinov caught a bad cold, and soon he was gone. On his tombstone in the Simonov Monastery in Moscow, cut his landmark poem "How he knew life, how little he lived!". He knew life was not from experience, but due to the fact that he was able to penetrate deeply into its inner meaning of his early mature thought. "The Poet" is Venevitinov subject to some kind of cult, . summed up in his best as to the sincerity of tone, . and on the charms of form poems: "The Poet", . "Sacrifice, . "Consolation", . "I feel, . me burning ... ", . Poet and friend "and" Last Poems ",
. The extraordinary elegance of line and expressive language differs it rhymed translation of the famous soliloquy of Faust in the cave "; excellently well translated from Goethe's" Earth's fate "and" apotheosis of the artist ". Apart from the above translations, the number of poems Venevitinov no more than 38. Belonging to the first period of his work, that is written before the relocation to St. Petersburg, not the probity of the different forms, which are listed above, which may in this regard to measure the poetry of Pushkin. But the poem both periods are equally characterized by a sense of sincerity and lack of sophistication in thinking and in terms. Some of them said the pessimistic mood, which commenced under the influence was and remains an unfinished novel in prose. In general, however, a poetry Venevitinov dominate bright outlook on life and faith in the destiny of mankind. Contemplative and philosophical direction of poetry Venevitinov leads many who have written about him suggest that he soon would leave Prosody and gave himself up to the development of philosophy. A vivid impression philosophical turn of mind lies in its remarkable critical articles, in which he is far ahead of the aesthetic understanding of their contemporaries. In addition to the publication Works D. V. V. "(1829), came" The Complete Works of DV. Venevitinov ", edited by AV. Pyatkovsky (St. Petersburg, 1882), with his own article about life, writings Venevitinov, and separately "Venevitinov Poems" (1884), in "Cheap Library. - See. Barsukov "Life and Works Stamp. Pogodin (t. II, St. Petersburg., 1888); H. Kolyupanov "IA. Koshelev (t. I, h. 2, St. Petersburg., 1889) and Michael Venevitinov article in "Historical Messenger (r. XVII, 1884) and "Russian Archive" (1885, I, p. 313 - 31). I. Boldakov.