Nick Archer VktorovichCh

(3.01.1922 - 5.08.1993)

Human genetics, biophysics, radiobiology. By slur spent more than 8 years in prison and camp. Scientific activity began at a private facility in the Urals, where he was transferred from the camp in 1947. Engaged in analyzing the effect of radiation depending on the time after irradiation, and devoted to this subject all my life. In 1951, Mr.. opened the restoration of the chromosomes of higher organisms from the primary radiation damage (for 10 years before the opening of repair in bacteria). Comprehensively studied the patterns of death of irradiated animals, published in 1957,. summarizing article. One pervyh in the world discovered chemical protection with the introduction of the protectors after irradiation, studied and classified a large number of protectors. In 1955, Mr.. after the declassification of subjects transferred to the Institute of Biology, Ural Branch of the Academy in Sverdlovsk. After passing the examinations for university course in biology, received a diploma of higher education. Simultaneously, students read a lecture on statistics. Ibid master's thesis. Using statistical methods to decipher the genetic code, before it was done in direct biochemical experiments. In 1962. rehabilitated in 1963. moved to the Obninsk Institute of Medical Radiology, where he directed the laboratory, then the department until 1988, when his work was interrupted by serious illness. Studied mechanisms of chromosomal mutations. Made the "matrix hypothesis", which implies that at least part of the genetic damage is a local reversible disruption of the matrix properties of the chromosomes, but their implementation is in the defective synthesis of daughter chromosomes. Postulate the presence in the mitotic cycle of two periods, during which control the exchange of genetic information between the subunits of the chromosome - "checking". Anomalous effect of small doses. Studied the effects of neutrons of different energies and a combination of neutrons and gamma rays. Psevdomutageneza described the phenomenon: some of the factors which do not cause changes in DNA, can increase the frequency of mutations by inhibiting the repair of which leads to the manifestation of those predmutatsionnyh changes, which normally repaired. N. Archer - author of more than 250 scientific articles and monographs, and two popular science books, translated into foreign languages. He possessed a brilliant intellect, temperament, wit.