Baader, Franz Xaver (Baader Franz Xaver von)

(1765-1841)
. I tried to connect the philosophical traditions of Catholicism and mysticism, and thus go beyond the dominant philosophical schools - the continental rationalism, with its cult of pure reason and British empiricism, . stresses the importance of sensory experience,
. Influenced Schelling and Kierkegaard.
Baader was born in Munich, March 27, 1765. Received medical education, he studied mineralogy in England 1792-1796. Like his friend Schelling, was a member of the circle of intellectuals in Munich. Inspired by the mystical writings of Jacob Boehme and the Neoplatonists. He retired in the position of superintendent of the coal mines in Bavaria in 1820 and devoted himself to philosophy and theology. Professor of Philosophy and Theology, University of Munich in 1826-1838. He founded the magazine 'Eos' ( 'Eos'). Baader died in Munich May 23, 1841.

The tenor of religious philosophy Baader - recognition of the inner connection of matter and mind, body and spirit. Their difference is relative, because the matter - it is lifeless, having lost the freedom of spirit. Their interaction - not parallelism and external contact, and interpenetration, the transformation of one into another. Man must assimilate and implement the will of the tangible existence in the spiritual energy to their impact on the world's treasury - misterium God.

According to the teachings Baader, all knowledge involves knowledge of God, which he represented as a process of progressively expanding consciousness. Baader criticized the British empiricists, . especially Hume, . that body of knowledge to discrete sensory impressions, . and Kant's ethics of following a moral law, . Considering, . In contrast to these teachings, . that man must obey God's will, . described in the Scriptures and the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church,
. In social philosophy opposed to liberalism and called for the establishment of the class hierarchy and subordination of the state church. Among the works Baader - the beginning of knowledge (Fermenta cognitionis, 1822-1825); Lectures on speculative dogmatics (Vorlesungen ber speculative Dogmatik, 1828-1838); dynamic philosophy (Beitrge zur dynamischen Philosophie, 1809). Collected Works (Smtliche Werke) Baader published in 16 volumes in Leipzig in 1851-1860.