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Robert Oppenheimer

( American physicist.)

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Biography Robert Oppenheimer
(1904-1967)
Born in New York on April 22, 1904. In 1925 he graduated from Harvard University. In 1925 was accepted to Cambridge University and worked at the Cavendish Laboratory under Rutherford. In 1926 he was invited by M. Born in the University of Gottingen, where in 1927 he defended his doctoral dissertation. In 1928 he worked in Zurich and the University of Leiden. From 1929 to 1947 he taught at the University of California and California Institute of Technology. From 1939 to 1945 he actively participated in the works for a nuclear bomb within Manhattanskogo project, led by Los Alamos. During the next seven years, was an adviser to the U.S. government, from 1947 to 1952 headed the General Advisory Committee of the Atomic Energy Commission, USA. In 1947-1966 Oppenheimer - Director of the Institute for Basic Research in Princeton (pc. New Jersey).
Oppenheimer owned work on quantum mechanics, relativity, particle physics, theoretical astrophysics. In 1927, the scientist developed the theory of interaction of free electrons with atoms. Together with Born theory of the structure created diatomic molecules. In 1931, together with P. Ehrenfest formulated the theory that the nucleus consisting of an odd number of particles with spin 1 / 2, must obey the Fermi - Dirac, and an even - Bode - Einstein (Ehrenfest theorem - Oppenheimer). Application of this theorem to the nucleus of nitrogen showed that the proton-electron hypothesis structure of nuclei leads to a number of contradictions with the known properties of nitrogen. Investigated internal conversion of g-rays. In 1937 developed the cascade theory of cosmic showers, in 1938 made the first calculation model of the neutron star, in 1939 predicted the existence of 'black holes'

. Oppenheimer owns a number of popular science books - Science and everyday knowledge (Science and the Common Understanding, . 1954), . Open mind (The Open Mind, . 1955), . Some Reflections on Science and Culture (Some Reflections on Science and Culture, . 1960),
.

Oppenheimer of Princeton, died Feb. 18, 1967.


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Robert Oppenheimer, photo, biography
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