Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (Schelling Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph)

(1775-1854)
Born January 27, 1775 in Leonberg, near Stuttgart. In 1792 received a Master of Philosophy, University of Tц?bingen. Fascinated by revolutionary ideas, characteristic of the time. After two years of service tutor was invited at the request of the Goethe University in Jena for the post of extraordinary professor (1798). In 1803 Schelling - Professor of Philosophy, University of Wц?rzburg, in 1806 - a staff member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich, where he settled for 35 years (with an interval of seven years when he was a professor at University of Erlangen). In 1807, Schelling became general secretary of the Academy of Arts, and in 1827 - president of the Academy of Sciences. At the end of his life he returned to his former way of life, and has lectured in Berlin, though not having success with the public. Died in Schelling Ragaz (Switzerland), August 20, 1854.
In his views within the German idealism, Schelling takes an intermediate position between Fichte and GWF Hegel, a prominent position, he and his wife Caroline took in the movement of German Romanticism. Schelling was a pantheist, but in his system at the place of absolute substance of Spinoza is a dynamic absolute I. That I reside, like the physical world, or nature, under samozabytya, not knowing that the objects and things are only works of his own imagination. Gradually, I wake up in the culture and human history and comes to consciousness, but for this I absolute, . is 'live' or is it, . it is, . in splitting itself into subject and object of consciousness, . is Absolute, . devoid of any certainty and consciousness,
. It's just nothing, since it 'is not' because 'to be' means to be 'a' and 'for' consciousness. This 'nothing', because in reality he still has no definite content. Any specific content as a separate opportunity to offset it to the absolute indiscernibility. But why absolute nothingness at the same time is absolute freedom, for it is not due to any irrepealable fact of his own existence, nor any specific nature, belonging to him. It is not deprive themselves of endless possibilities. This is, so to speak, God, which precedes its creation and its manifestation in the real world. The real world, however, is not dead and is not static, it is not here, this is a reality in the act of becoming. Such an act of realization of the will, arbitrariness, in other words - irrational. Nevertheless, the realm of pure possibilities (eternal thoughts of God) may be the subject of deductive speculation, because there are relationships between ideas, the necessity of which can be understood outside of their mainstream. Schelling calls the part of philosophy that deals with the content of reality, negative. However, it is impossible to understand, predict and build with only one reason an act of realization. The existence of things (the fact of the update) you can perceive in the experience only through the understanding, a fact that is irrational. Dealing with this part of philosophy called positive. Since the act of becoming is an act of creation, or revelation (manifestation) of God, his study is mainly the subject of Theosophy.

The views of Schelling, which is characteristic for them voluntarism, organicism, and a tendency to consider all issues through the lens of aesthetics, had a significant influence on his contemporaries. His vision of the physical world as the remains of life was repeated in the philosophy of Bergson. The idea of 'positive philosophy' influence on Kierkegaard, and through him to existentialism

. Among the major works of Schelling - Philosophical letters on dogmatism and criticism (Philosophische Briefe ber den Dogmatismus und Kriticismus, . 1795); system of transcendental idealism (System des transzendentalen Idealismus, . 1800); Bruno, . or the divine and natural beginning of things (Bruno oder ber das gttliche und natrliche Princip der Dinge, . 1802), On the relation of Art to Nature (ber das Verhltnis der bildenden Knste zu der Natur, . 1807); Philosophical Research on the essence of human freedom and related subjects (Philosophische Untersuchungen ber das Wesen der menschlichen Freiheit und die damit zusammenhngenden Gegenstnde, . 1809); Introduction to the Philosophy of Mythology (Einleitung in die Philosophie der Mythologie, . 1825, . published posthumously); the history of modern philosophy (Zur Geschichte der neueren Philosophie, . 1827, . published posthumously), etc.,
. The Complete Works were edited by his son Schelling - F. Schelling in 1856-1861. Bavarian Academy of Sciences of trained historical-critical edition of his works.