25. II (9. III). 1814 - 26. II (10. III). 1861
Born in the village Morintsy Zvenigorod district of the Kiev Province in the family serf. Early lost his mother, then father. At age 14, was taken as a servant, a Cossack to the landowner Engelhardt. Together with him in 1829 traveled to Vilna, and in 1831 arrived in St. Petersburg. Here я€п°я?я?п? Б•і l Talent
Shevchenko - artist and poet. In 1838 it was purchased from the landlord and entered the Academy of Fine Arts, where he became a pupil to. P. Bryullov. In 1840 came the first collection of poems by
Shevchenko Kobzar "that opened a new era in the history of Ukrainian literature. Genuine popular ardent love for the motherland, to the oppression Б•і nnomu peasantry, the proximity to folklore, vivid imagery, the verse melody - these are the main features of
Shevchenko's poetry. The most remarkable of his poem "Katherine" (1838) and HAYDAMAKY "(1841), which depicts a peasant uprising against the nobility in 1768. In 1843,
Shevchenko wrote the play "Nazar Stodolya". In the same year went to Ukraine, where the wire Б•і L about a year. After graduating from the Academy of Fine Arts in 1845 and received the title neklassnogo artist,
Shevchenko returned to Ukraine. Political poem "The Dream" (1844), "Kavkaz" (1845) are imbued with revolutionary spirit, they denounce monarchy. In the poem "Naymichka" (1845) created an unusually strong dramatic image of the mother. In the political testament to the people - the poem "How to die ...." ( "Will", 1845) - openly expressed resentment of the masses, calling for the overthrow of the autocracy. As an artist,
Shevchenko was one of the founders of critical realism in Ukrainian art. Democratic realist thrust of his creativity manifested itself in early works, more related with academic Б•і Mami ( "Katherine", 1842, Museum of T. G.
Shevchenko, Kiev). An important step in the development of realistic national Ukrainian art was a series of etchings "Picturesque Ukraine" (published. 1844).
Shevchenko completed many portraits and illustrations. In Kiev, he joined (1846) in a secret political Cyril and Methodius Society, where he took the revolutionary-democratic positions, in contrast to the liberals and the nationalists. After the defeat of the society by the Government (1847),
Shevchenko was exiled as a private in a separate case with the prohibition of Orenburg to write and draw. He stayed in exile for over 10 years. In the works of this period created a type of feudal
Shevchenko (poem "The Princess", 1847, "P. S., 1848, etc.), powerful images of people's avengers (Varnaki ", 1848," If you got ", 1849," Marina ", 1848, etc.). Resound with particular force in exile patriotism ( "Dream", 1847, "II, I grew up in the land of strange," "Let us remember, my brethren," etc.), expressing the poet's love for the suffering Ukraine to e Б•і Б•і oppression nnomu people. In 1850,
Shevchenko was again arrested, transferred to Orsk, and then exiled to Parliament Group (now Fort
Shevchenko).
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