FRENKEL, Yakov Ilich

Yakov Frenkel
(10.XI. 1894 - 23.I. 1952)

Born in Rostov-na-Donu. After graduating in 1916. Petrograd University was on the university to prepare for a professorship. In 1921, Mr.. headed the theoretical division Physico-Technical Institute and Department of Theoretical Physics of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute. Research interests I. I. Frenkel was unusually wide: physics of atomic nucleus, the electron theory of solids, astrophysics, geophysics, biophysics, electrodynamics, quantum mechanics, the ideas which he used in his electron theory of metals. Frenkel belong to the fundamental work on quantum theory of solids.

. Investigating the mechanism of absorption of light by crystals, introduced the concept of Frenkel excitons - quasi-particles, which carry light excitation of the crystal.

. In the study of crystals Frenkel introduced the concept of crystal lattice defects, developed the theory of moving dislocations.

. In 1939, Mr.
. YA. I. Frenkel (simultaneously with H. Bohr) developed the so-called droplet model of atomic nuclei, used for the theoretical explanation of nuclear fission.

I. I. Frenkel laid the foundations of the modern theory of ferromagnetism. Scholar has made a great contribution to the kinetic theory of liquids (USSR State Prize, 1947). He showed that the fluid elements inherent hardness, developed the molecular theory of strength of solids, studied the phenomenon of diffusion and viscosity. In 1946, Mr.. He explained the phenomenon of sintering of metal powders by preparing the theoretical basis of powder metallurgy.

I. I. Frankel - author of the first in our country a full course of theoretical physics.