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Johann Christian Friedrich Hö²lderlin

( German poet)

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Biography Johann Christian Friedrich Hö²lderlin
Hö²lderlin, Johann Christian Friedrich (Hö²lderlin, Johann Christian Friedrich) (1770-1843), German poet. Born March 20, 1770 in Lauffen am Neckar. Parents touted his career as a Protestant clergyman, but learning at school and university awakened in him a keen interest in the world of antiquity and Hellenic philosophy, the study of which brought him close to his comrades at the university - G. W. F. Hegel and Schelling. After graduating from the theological faculty in Tö?bingen (1793), Hö²lderlin was a place far from home teacher Jena.
Not having had time to settle in the society in Weimar and Jena, Holderlin was summoned home, and had forced another place home teacher, this time in Frankfurt (December 1795). Mother there the students will be glorified Hö²lderlin named Diotima. Fascinated by the works of Plato, Pindar and Sophocles, Holderlin soon proved himself a great master of ancient forms of poetry. But Frankfurt idyll abruptly broke off in autumn 1798. Despair Holderlin about separation and the memory of the past happiness turned into a stunning elegy "Menon's Lament for Diotima" (Menons Klage um Diotima).

Written in rhymed couplets elegiac, it asserts the belief that personal grief will certainly be transformed into a higher comprehensive harmony. That same faith breathes lyrical novel Holderlin's "Hyperion, or the Hermit in Greece" (Hyperion oder Der Hermit in Griechenland, Bd. 1-2, 1797-1799).

Before his departure from Frankfurt Hö²lderlin began work on "Death of Empedocles" (Der Tod des Empedokles, 1797-1800), religious tragedy in the spirit of Sophocles. But this great idea remained unfinished: Hö²lderlin was unable to secure a livelihood and had to find a place home teacher. In December 1801 he went to Bordeaux, in June 1802 - again in Stuttgart, he begins a mental illness. The most significant works of this period - "Rhine" (Der Rhein), "Germany" (Germanien) and "Patmos" (Patmos) - prophesy about the future. Among the latest works of Holderlin were also inspired translation "Antigone", "Oedipus the king" and several hymns of Pindar. After forty years of madness Hö²lderlin, one of the greatest poets of German Romanticism, he died in Tö?bingen June 7, 1843.


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