Arthur Charles Clark

CLARK, Arthur Charles (Clarke, Arthur Charles) (p. 1917), English science fiction writer. After the success of "2001: A Space Odyssey" (2001: A Space Odyssey, 1968; scenario A. Clark and S. Kubrick, dir. Kubrick), Clarke became the most famous in the world of science fiction author, but in the U.S., certainly the most famous foreign writer. In 1998, for services to literature by Queen Elizabeth II created him knighted.
Born December 16, 1917 in Maynhede (Somerset). From childhood fascinated by science, in his youth with a homemade telescope mapped the Moon. With no means to pursue higher education from 1936 to 1941 worked as Auditor of the Treasury. At the same time joined a small group of enthusiasts calling themselves the British interplanetary society. In 1941-1946 he served in the RAF, served experimental system of radar detection. During these years, Clark wrote his first science fiction stories, . and in 1945 published an article "Extraterrestrial Relays" (Extraterrestrial Relays), . The possibility of establishing a satellite communications system, . transmitting radio and television signals across the planet,
. Now, Clark called the 'father of satellite communications'.

It is believed that the film "2001: A Space Odyssey" is an adaptation of the story "Sentinel" (The Sentinel, 1948). Clark explained: 'It is often said that 2001 is made on the short story "The guard, who entered under the name" Guardian of Eternity "(Sentinel of Eternity) in the collection of" Fantasy of 10 stories "(10 Story Fantasy, 1951). But everything is much more complicated, and the relationship between them is the same as between an acorn and oak. For the movie should have more material, and we took some of the short story "Collision at dawn" (Encounter in the Dawn), also known as "Expedition to Earth" (Expedition to Earth) and printed in the eponymous collection in 1953. But in the main script of the film - completely new composition, the fruit of our with Stanley (Kubrick) months of creative work '. The script was rewritten Clarke's novel without the participation of Kubrick, after the creation of the film (released in 1968 in the United States, revised edition came out in 1994 with a new foreword by Clarke). Continuation of the novel, "2010: Odyssey Two" (2010: Odyssey Two, 1982), was filmed in 1984. Later in this series appeared novels "2061: Odyssey Three" (2061: Odyssey Three, 1987) and "3001: The Final Odyssey" (3001: The Final Odyssey, 1997).

In the book "The Exploration of Space" (The Exploration of Space, 1952) Clark was awarded the 1952 International Prize fiction. It was the first popular science book, selected by the American Club 'Book of the Month', and began the process of popularization of scientific knowledge. The following year, in addition to the collection "Expedition to Earth", came out two novels that became classics of science fiction. "To night fell" (Against the Fall of Night) traces the history of the young hero tries to escape from the trap of the utopian city of the future. In the novel "Childhood's End" (Childhood's End) space Sverhpraviteli act as mentors for earthlings. Both the story so captured the Clark that a number of years he continued to develop them under different names. Novels are based on speculative assumptions in them a lot of mysticism, visions. Books are considered the highest artistic achievement of the writer, they paved the way for renewal of the genre of science fiction

. Other artistic success of the writer are: "Islands in the Sky" (Islands in the Sky, . 1952), . Earth light "(Earthlight, . 1955), . "Great depth" (The Deep Range, . 1957), . "Moon dust" (A Fall of Moondust, . 1961), . Island Dolphin: Story of a maritime nation "(Dolphin Island: A Story of the People of the Sea, . 1963), . "Rendezvous with Rama" (Rendezvous with Rama, . 1973), . "Metropolis Plot: A fantasy about love and dysfunctional" (Imperial Earth: A Fantasy of Love and Discord, . 1976), . "The Fountains of Paradise" (The Fountains of Paradise, . 1979),
. In 2001, the "Collection of short stories of Arthur C. Clarke (The Collected Stories of Arthur C. Clark). Clark never claimed to be 'literariness', yet he always writes clearly, often with the participation, sometimes with cold candor.

Numerous non-fiction works related to Clark's flight in space, underwater research, futuristic projections. This "Spacecraft challenge: A look at tomorrow's world" (The Challenge of the Spaceship: Previews of Tomorrow's, . 1959), . "Sea of challenge" (The Challenge of the Sea, . 1960), . "What does the cosmos" (The Promise of Space, . 1968), . "The contours of the future: whether the limitless possibilities?" (Profiles of the Future: An Inquiry into the Limits of the Possible, . 1984), . Exit orbit,
. Scientific Autobiography: Arthur H. Clark wrote about the technique "(Ascent to Orbit, A Scientific Autobiography: The Technical Writing of Arthur C. Clark, 1984), "a wonderful time: science fiction autobiography" (Astounding Days: A Science Fictional Autobiography, 1989). In 1998, Daniel C. Clark and published correspondence of Lord Danseni, appeared in 1999 compiled by T. Macaulay book of essays Clarke, written in 1934-1998. Among the last works written by Clark in collaboration with M.Kyub-McDowell, "The trigger" (The Trigger, 1999) and co-authored with S. Baxter "The light of other times" (The Light of Other Days, 2000).

Circulation Clark's book is more than twenty million, he was awarded all possible professional awards, including the establishment of American science-fiction prize 'Nebula', entrusted to him in 1986. In 2000, the European Satellite Telecommunications Organization noted the launch of the next satellite Merit Clark as a pioneer of global satellite communications.

Since 1956, Clarke lives in Sri Lanka, he was president Moratuvskogo University, heads the Center he created modern technology. The writer is deservedly considered the leader of postwar science fiction, . because of its belief in the scientific and technological progress (although he was not mistaken about the dangers lurking here) and so, . he has a vision of space exploration, . as a result of earth like a child, . penetrated into the unknown world: the universe may be their god-like father, . and may respond with cold indifference.,