Chelpanov Georgy

(1862-1936)
Born 16 (28) April 1862 in Mariupol. He graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of the Novorossiysk University in Odessa (1887). His teacher was N.YA. Groth. From 1890 - privat docent of Moscow University. In 1897 became a professor of Kiev University, and in 1907 - a professor at Moscow University, where he headed the Department of Philosophy. Chelpanov - founder of the Psychological Institute at Moscow University (1914) and the journal 'Psychological Review'. Master's and doctoral theses Chelpanov presented in his fundamental work The problem of perception of space (h. 1, 1896; h. 2, 1904). The most famous work Chelpanov - Brain and Soul (1900) - VV. Zenkovsky in his history of Russian philosophy described as 'the best not only in Russian but in world literature, a book on the critique of metaphysical materialism'.
Effect on Chelpanov had a theory N. Grot, LM Lopatin, W. Wundt, and C. Stumpf. Vundtovsky principle of 'empirical parallelism' formed the basis of criticism Chelpanov monism in psychology and philosophy. Mental and physical principle can not be identified and not dictate to each other. 'Dualism, recognizing the special material and spiritual principle, in any case better explains the phenomenon than monism'. Thesis of independence (in parallel) physical and mental processes are meant to Chelpanov and recognition of the special object of study: 'Mental explained only from the mental'. Confirmed by 'dualism' has its limits: the independence of mental and physical phenomena does not preclude an ontological unity, because they can be an expression of a single whole, a single substance ( 'neospinozizm'). Epistemological beliefs Chelpanov ( 'transcendental realism') were generally consistent with the principles of neo-Kantian theory of knowledge. He stood on a priori principles in general philosophical constructs and the rationale precepts of psychology. He has always been close idea of the union of psychology and philosophy (the idea of 'philosophy' of psychology), . but in 1920, . when such a 'union' turned the dictates of Marxist ideology, . Chelpanov emphasized mainly empirical-experimental nature of psychology as a science,
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Chelpanov died in Moscow on February 13, 1936.