Anichkov Eugene V.

Born into a noble family of Novgorod Province in 1866. Student classes, from the outset focused on the subject of teaching of Professor AN. Veselovskogo, were interrupted by the arrest of a. for political reasons and the need to leave St. Petersburg. In 1892 he graduated from the History and Philology, with published work: "Mykola Ugodnik and St.. Nicholas "(" Notes Neophyte. Society ", N 2). Since 1895, the graduate exam handled serially, was assistant professor of the history of Western literature and a lecturer of English at the University of Kiev. Several times was sending for scientific purposes abroad. In 1899 A. left Russia, participates in the basis of Russian Higher School of Paris. All the while maintaining scientific relations with AN. Veselovsky, speaking follower and successor of his ideas in part (cm. extensive sketch: "Historical Poetics Veselovsky in Miscellany Lezina," Problems in the theory and the psychology of creativity "), A. the same time studying Provencal (in which he manages to set the declination molher), is taken for the processing of the material not published in the literary history of Arras in the XIII century (cm. "Journal of the Ministry of National Education", 1900, February), anticipating the publication of Jean Roy and Guy ( "Les dits et les chansons d'Arras"), prints a small philological work in "Litteraturblatt f. germ. u. roman. Philologie "and" Romania ", as in London, where even in 1894, appeared in the journal" Foiklore "his sketch" St. Nicolas and Artemis "(Russian treatment in West. Vost. Dept.. Archaeological Society, . 1895, . IX), . is a dispute with school officials Andrew Lang'a, . defending the doctrine of borrowings and deposits in the ritual and myth against unilateral comparative ethnographic doctrine of parallelism and analogy original tribal art,
. Upon his return to Russia, and. prosecuted for a political cause and conducts 13 months in solitary confinement. Coming in 1904 from prison, defends his thesis two volumes: "The spring ritual songs in the West and among the Slavs", the award by the Academy of Sciences of the Uvarov Prize and valued abroad as an outstanding work (cm. Deubner, in "Archiv f. Religions-Wissenschaft ", IX, 276 - 304), receives an invitation to give a course of lectures (Ilcester Lectures) of the folk songs at Oxford University. Lectures and in St. Petersburg University and the University for Women. Written to them at the same critical essays collected in 2 volumes under the title "the Baptist and his contemporaries in the West and us" (St. Petersburg, 1910). In 1907 and 1908 respectively A. serving a new 13-month solitary confinement for participating in the peasant alliance. On his release a major new work prints "Paganism and Old sermon", . with the application of critical texts published, . topped BOGDANIVSKE academic award and outlining the emergence of epic epic, . we in the West, . of the living conditions of the Christian period had,
. The theme of Russian paganism, irreducible A. to tribal faiths, is the report "Old russian pagan Cults" (in "Transactions of the III Congress for the History of Religion", Oxford, 1909). A smart appearance. characterized by a peculiar coincidence of social and theoretical interests. Convinced as a historian in the immutability of his formula for turning cultural-historical movement from east to west, bending in his sociological views rather to Marxism, A. Yet populist from time immemorial and essentially. He and folklorist, because all the roots of his personal and social consciousness are in a rustic way of life, to study the rites and beliefs leads him not one Veselovsky, but together and Gleb Uspensky, namely the popular calendar in "The Land". "Realistic symbolism", t. e. realism, involving noumenal in the phenomenon, as the supreme and real reality - is the slogan of his critical articles. In "Spring Song" he tries to adopt a new concrete material (from Guillot, Groos, Buecher proceeding) view on the origin of art. According to this view art arose not from the game (as was thought Schiller, Spencer, and partly Veselovskii himself), but from the practical needs. Armed with data mined religio-historical and ethnographic research Mannhardt, Fraser, A. Lang, and imbued with the other hand, views Veselovskogo of primitive art as art "syncretic," A. precisely defines this need gave rise to art, seeing the beginning of songs in the ritual, and inseparable from his ceremonial magic (Wed. article "On the origin of poetry" in the Journal of Self-Education ", 1905, N 41 and 42). In a rebuke Exploration. can only really put it, . he stopped as if on the eve of the ceremony and continues to seek to the nearest opening history of the cult of the, . - Eg, . not disclose the elements of the victim there, . where its initial cash obvious remnants of ritual and t,
. n. Employee "Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Brockhaus-Efron in the first, and in its present edition of A. is a unit of Universal Literature. Autobiography and bibliography cm. in "critical-biographical dictionary, SA. Vengerov, t. VI. Vyacheslav. Ivanov.