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Vassian Kosoy

( prominent church figure Muscovy)

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Biography Vassian Kosoy
monk in the world, Prince Vasily Ivanovich Patrikeev. At its origin Vassian belonged to the nobles and aristocracy in the late XV century. was one of the leaders of the boyar party, which stood on the issue of succession for the grandson of Ivan III, Dmitri, against Sofia Palaeologus and her son Basil, in the state system - for an imperious nobility involved in the management. In ecclesiastical affairs the party was close to heretical and all freedom-loving community. You can establish a link between Vassian and so-called "Judaizers". With the fall of his party Vassian was tonsured as a monk and retired to the St. Cyril-Belozersky Monastery (1499). Becoming a disciple of the Nile Sora, Vassian learned his outlook and the totality of his practical views. Probably, already in 1503, Mr.. Vassian with Neil arrived in Moscow, where he held a council of priests, widows. When Joseph Volotskii again raised the question of measures to combat the heretics, Neal and his followers launched against Joseph's famous "Message to the trans-Volga elders, demanded leniency towards heretics. This is a message from some scientists attribute Vassian. Subsequently, between Vassian and Joseph were exchanged polemical writings. In the reign of Vasily III Vassian soon became an outstanding position. They called him "a great time man," that is timeservers. He lived in a Miracle, the Simonov monastery and constantly been in the palace. Through his influence was tempered by the fate of the heretics, at one time the Grand Duke, even forbade Joseph to write against Vassian. Not without Vassian was chosen, apparently at metropolitanate close to the Nile and his followers Barlaam. Approximately 1517 g. Vassian, in agreement with the Metropolitan Varlaam, proceeded to the revision of the "Helmsman", a set of religious orders and "Gradskij" laws of the Byzantine emperors. In their work, from 1518, took part arrived from Mount Athos Maksim Grek. Around him are grouped together in opposition-minded people, and among them Vassian. In 1523, Mr.. of metropolitanate built Volokolamsky Abbot "iosiflyanin" Daniel, and soon then begins persecution of the people of the opposition direction. Effect Vassian begins to weaken, which may be due, among other reasons, more and disapproval expressed by the Vassian divorce Grand Duke. In 1531, Mr.. Vassian was due to appear before the council as a defendant. Metropolitan Daniel presented Vassian number of charges: unauthorized patch "Helmsman", . introduction to her thoughts "Hellenic sages", . arbitrary removal of the "Helmsman" texts, . Speaking in favor of the right monasteries to own fiefdoms, . blame on miracle, . in particular those of non-recognition of St. Macarius Kalyazin and Metropolitan Jonah, . "heretical line" in the translation Metafrastova Lives of Our Lady, . recognition of Christ creature, . heretical doctrine of the incorruptibility of the flesh of Christ,
. The latter two charges were clearly contradictory. Vassian defended very vigorously and sarcastic, but his conviction was a foregone conclusion; council was found guilty and imprisoned him in a hostile Joseph-Volokolamsky monastery - a cruel, mocking Kara. Year of death unknown Vassian. He died, at least until 1545, according to the dubious testimony Kurbsky - a violent death. And in the writings and activities of its Vassian is a man of independent, progressive, straight, proud, somewhat arrogant, boyar in monastic robes, in a passionate debate into a frenzy. Has it been completely consistent, it is difficult to say. His opponent Zinovy Otinsky casts a shadow on his moral personality, presenting its leading lavish life in the Simonov Monastery. Check testimony Zinovy we can not yet. From the works Vassian reached us little, although on the basis of statements given by the Vassian can think that they were written large "Notebook. What came before us, shows ruthless talents and strong original thought. Vassian extraordinarily bright, sharp and vividly formulated the doctrine of "non-covetous". Especially good line on the image of oppressed peasants on the monastery grounds. In the writings Vassian everywhere affects a rare criticism of Russia in Moscow. It strictly distinguishes between Scripture and Tradition, and between different sources of dogma and ecclesiastical law. He believes the gospel and the apostolic writings the main source of faith and morals, his assertion: "there is among the saints, arranged opposite the rules of the gospel and the Apostle and the holy father of residence" sounded in his time very safely. In the polemic Vassian not piles texts and strives not to follow the letter of the law, and the spirit of the Gospel. His demand simplicity in the decoration of the church also deserves attention. In the history of the Russian canon law Vassian prominently as the author of a special edition of helmsman, in the spirit of "nestyazhatelskih" doctrines, with the removal of church charters, Vladimir and Yaroslav and Gradskij Laws. He made a Helmsman interpretation of the famous Byzantine canonists Balsamon, paving the way his compositions in Russia. In the history of dogmas Vassian interesting as a representative in Russia of the doctrine of immortality of the flesh of Christ before the resurrection. By this doctrine, in terms of the dominant church, heretical, Vassian, apparently, come, starting with the denial of the divinity of Christ, and having experienced a long period of searching, characteristic Vassian. Works Vassian and Helmsman influenced and in time. Works published Vassian A.S. Pavlov in the Orthodox interlocutors "(1863, September - October). Assigned to the. Bodyansky pamphlet (edition of "Reading History and Antiquity", 1859, N 3), apparently Vassian not belong (see. Conversing Valaam wonder-workers ", VI, 303). Excerpt from "The debate Metropolitan Daniel of the elder monk Vassian" printed in "Reading History and Antiquity" (1847, N 9). - Literature, besides the general works on Russian history and the history of the Russian Church: Zhmakin "Metropolitan Daniil (" Reading History and Antiquity ", 1881, N 1 - 2, and otd. MA, 1881); A.S. Archangel "Nil of Sora and Basil Patrikeev (St. Petersburg, 1882); Pavlov" Historical Sketch of secularization of church lands in Russia "(Odessa, 1871); his" On Helmsman monk Prince Vasili IIatrikeeva. ( "Scientists Recordings Kazan University", . 1864, . N 2) P - in "Vasily Patrikeev and his polemic against the monastic manorial estates (" Reading the Society of Lovers of spiritual enlightenment ", . 1873, . N 5); Khrushchev "Prince-monk Basil Patrikeev" ( "Old and New Russia", . 1875, . N 3),
. Alexis Jelaд?iд?.


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