Vostokov Alexander Hristoforovich

He was born in the Ahrensburg, on the island Osel, 16 March 1781, Mr.. a German family Ostenek. The original language spoken it was German, but already seven years he had known in Russian, and listened to tales of the garrison sergeant Savely. Cast in the St. Petersburg land Gentry case, it is absolutely Russified and has 13 years of writing poems. He showed great ability, but it prevented a lot of stuttering. Consequently, the authorities transferred him in 1794, Mr.. the Academy of Fine Arts, where he learned the French language. After graduating from the course, he was on a three-year boarder, but he was not attracted to the art. Journals of the Free Society of Lovers of Literature, Sciences and Arts (cm. XI, 535), of which he became in 1801, the first literary and scientific works of his. Poems of his have been collected and published under the title: "Experiments lyrical" (St. Petersburg, 1805 - 1806, new edition 1821). They are artistically very weak, although not devoid of ideas and inspiration at times, such as, "To Garpokratu; curious Vostokova unsuccessful attempt to write those meters which were used in classical poetry. Low value and critical articles Vostokova, which he wrote as a "censor" of society and which are extracted from log E. Petukhov; analysis applies only to the correctness or incorrectness of any expression. Service, he held a commission to formulate laws, public libraries and the Department of Religious Affairs. Already in 1803, Mr.. He began to study the monuments of Old Russian and Slavic Languages. In 1810, Mr.. He was already well acquainted with such monuments as the "Russian Truth", "Instruction Vladimir Monomakh," "Chronicle of Nestor", "The Lay of Igor's Host", "Collection of Svyatoslav 1076". In 1810, Mr.. he reads (probably in the Society of Lovers of literature), his translation of the notes on the arguments DobrovskцҐ Schlozer of Old Church Slavonic language, with their own notes. In 1808, Mr.. he joined the "Brief Guide to Russia's grammar and. Born a few notes, reveal a future detailed and accurate observer, and the descriptor of linguistic facts. In the St. Petersburg Gazette 1812. they placed "The experience of Russian prosody", released separately (St. Petersburg, 1817). Here is the first time Vostokov rightly identified the size, that is, the stress in the popular verse. In 1820, Mr.. started work Vostokova, which gave him a European fame: "Discourse on the Slavic language which serves as an introduction to the grammar of this language" (in "Proceedings of the Society of Amateurs of Russia's literature at Moscow University", t. XVII). Here Vostokov this chronological place monuments of the Church Slavonic language, . defined its differences from the Old, . pointed out the importance of nasal vowels and the Deaf, . use of broad vowels after velar, . presence of nasal vowels in Polish, . explained the formation of the endings for adjectives, . found in the Church Slavonic language and the lack of adverbial participles cash Supin, . he named dostigatelnym inclination,
. All these findings were complete news not only for Russian, but also for European scientists, only dostigatelnoe inclination was noted earlier Dobrovskij named Supin. This scientist, printed in time "Institutiones linguae Slavicae dialecti veteris", reading the work Vostokova, wanted to destroy the foundations of his work and did not do this, only yielded convictions Kopitar. Russia Academy and other learned societies Vostokova elected as a member. Then Vostokov engaged in describing the manuscripts, Metropolitan of Kiev and Evgenia Lavrentiev list Nestorovoy Chronicle; participated in the "Bibliography lists" Keppen where placed, among other things, an article on supraslkoy manuscript. By 1827, Mr.. relates his article: "The grammatical explanations in three articles freyzingenskoy manuscript (in the" Assembly of the Slovenian sites outside of Russia), as important for flawless edition of the text and on the right so far observations. Of great importance was the publication Vostokova legend: "slaughter the holy Vyacheslav, Prince of the Czech" ( "Moscow Journal", 1827, N 17). Freed in 1824. from service in different institutions, the East, had tied earlier intercourse with the Count NP. Rumyantsev, was able to do a description of the manuscripts of his collection. Upon the death of Count Rumyantsev his collection came to the treasury, and the East in 1828, Mr.. he was appointed to head. After spending some time curator of manuscripts in the Imperial Public Library, the East was defined by the senior librarian of the Rumyantsev Museum. In the same year Vostokov issued two grammars: "Reduced Russian grammar and Russian grammar, in shape reduced complete presentation of grammar. This is - remarkable for that time, textbooks, which, however, said the fear Vostokova boldly go against the established traditions of philological. In 1841 - 1842 he. published under his editorship: "Acts of historical, relating to Russia, learned from foreign archives and libraries (2 volumes). In 1842, Mr.. came out of his "Description of Russian and Slavonic manuscripts of the Rumyantsev Museum, which is of great price, only after this work was made possible the study of ancient Russian literature and Russian antiquities. In 1843, Mr.. emerged as important his work: "Ostrom Gospel with the application of the Greek text of the Gospels and with grammatical explanations (St. Petersburg), now lost its value because of the new phototype edition. At the same time they were written analysis Reims Gospel. Of the remaining papers issued Vostokova most vocabulary. Even in 1835, Mr.. He was appointed "a committee member for the publication of the dictionary for a textbook order", but especially hard, he began to dictionaries when in 1841, Mr.. was appointed as an ordinary academician. In 1847, Mr.. came under his editorship of Volume II of the "Dictionary of the Church Slavonic and Russian language," in 1852,. - "The experience of regional Russian Language" ( "Supplement" to him, St. Petersburg, 1858). Responsibility for these works is largely removed from Vostokova, because the 2-nd Division of the Academy of Sciences impose on them his hand. Permanent occupation Vostokova for many years was the "Slavic-Russian Dictionary", they started around 1802, maybe earlier, and for its time in many respects remarkable, but remains unpublished (see. S. Bulich "Essay on the History of Linguistics in Russia", t. I, 653 - 667). Instead, he published his comprehensive "Dictionary of the Church Slavonic language" (St. Petersburg, 1858 - 1861, 2 volumes). Together with "Grammar of Church Slavonic language" ( "Scientific Notes", 1863, VII), this work is a capital purchase of Russian science. February 8, 1864, Mr.. Vostokov died. Merits Vostokova were recognized both in Russia and abroad. Philological works Vostokova collected and. Sreznevsky in the book "Philological observations ax. Vostokova "(St. Petersburg, 1865), where it was made in the foreword and evaluation. Scientific correspondence Vostokova published as Sreznevsky (J. II branch of the Imperial Academy of Sciences ", t. V, Issue 2, St. Petersburg, 1873). In personality Vostokova remarkable feature is his love for the Russian language, and even forced him to change his native name to the name Ostenek Vostokova. Amazing shy Vostokova was the reason that the Academy, so generous to the material recompense to its members, passed it. Thus, when the less gifted Secretary Academy PI. Sokolov (osudar "- a satire Voeikova" Madhouse ") was issued" for the tireless work and zeal, 13000 rubles, Vostokov won the same award as the 14-year-old girl Yadav, received 500 rubles poems. - See. I. Sreznevsky in a solemn meeting of the Imperial Academy of Sciences December 29, 1864 " (St. Petersburg, 1865, p.. 86 - 138); his "Works and anniversary Vostokova" (Studies of the 2 branches of the Imperial Academy of Sciences ", Book II, Issue 1, 1856); H. Korelkin Alexander Hristoforovich East, his academic and literary activity "(Fatherland Notes, 1855, N 1), NI. Grech "In memory of Alexander Khristoforovich Vostokova" (St. Petersburg, 1864); ppm. Khmyrov in "Portrait Gallery Russian leaders, issued a. Munster (t. II, St. Petersburg, 1869), E. Petukhov, "Some new data from the scientific and literary work of Alexander Khristoforovich Vostokova" ( "Journal of the Ministry of National Education, 1890, h. CCLXVIII); I. Groth Alexander Hristoforovich East "(" The Slavic Review ", 1892, N 4), VI. Sreznevsky Notes Alexandra Khristoforovich Vostokova of his life "(" Collected department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, t. LXX, and separately, St. Petersburg, 1901).