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Zheleznov Nikolai Ivanovich

( Distinguished botanist and agronomist)

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Biography Zheleznov Nikolai Ivanovich
(1816 - 1877)
Secondary education he received in what was then the mountain building, and in 1834. entered the Physics and Mathematics of St. Petersburg University. Then under the influence of well-known professor SS. Kutorga it was preferable to engage the natural sciences, especially botany. In 1838, Mr.. Zheleznov was counted among the scientific expedition, acceding to Khiva war, but the first was abruptly canceled. In 1848, Mr.. Zheleznov was again appointed as members of the French polar expedition, but to leave St Petersburg Chief of the expedition, the famous naturalist Gemara, participation in the expedition of Russian scientists had been rejected. Despite these setbacks, Zheleznov hard to do science, and in 1840, Mr.. received a master's degree for the essay "On the development of the flower and eggs in Tradescantia virginica L.", and in 1842, Mr.. - PhD, again for his work on the embryology of higher plants. On the same subject made them more work, namely the development of the flower peach. The value of embryological work has been appreciated only in the late thirties famous Schleiden. Zheleznov first post-Jakob Schleiden made from this work, and greatly contributed to their introduction to science, earning forever the place of honor in the history of science. Being a doctor, he went abroad to study agriculture. Vacant Chair of botany at St. Petersburg University was replaced Szychowski, whose work was subsequently insignificant. On his return from abroad, where he traveled for 3 years, he again had no place, and only in 1847, after traveling to Russia to study its agriculture, he was appointed professor of agriculture at the University of Moscow. Since then Zheleznov devoted himself to agriculture, leaving, however, botany and attaching here is meteorology. In his estate Naronove Novgorod Province, he gave the correct meteorological observations, which gave excellent results. In 1853, Mr.. Zheleznov was elected an Associate of the Academy of Sciences of Plant Physiology. The end of his life he never ceased to work and left not a few valuable works. In addition, he had to take an active part in the great cause of emancipation of the peasants from serfdom. He was a member of the Government, and together with those already on the election, a member of the drafting committee and the committee clerk. From 1858 to 1861,. Zheleznova fell to the lot of the heavy responsibility of fighting for the idea of giving the vacated land to the peasants. In this struggle, he made many enemies, but firmly stood for the truth and that certainly deserve warm thanks to the progeny. Since 1861. Zheleznov served as Director of the Peter agricultural academy. This position he left in 1869. After moving to St. Petersburg, he devoted himself to a scientist studies. To complete the characteristics Zheleznova must add that he understood and loved art, well owning a pencil and a brush. He does not have extensive multi-volume works, but many of his works undoubtedly contributed to the success and forward movement of science. From his works we present the following: "On the origin of the embryo and theories proizrozhdeniya Plants" (1842); "Sur l'embryogenle du meleze". ( "Bull.-Soc. Nat. ", . M., . 1849); "Recherches sur la quantite et la repartition de l'eau dans la tige des piantes" (1875), "Meteorological observations in the village Naronovo (1854 - 62)," On the propagation of white truffle in Russia "(Journal of the Society Pomology ", . 1873), "On the cultivation of hops in the middle of Russia" (1851), "hop-growing in Guslitsah" (1876), etc., . total - more than 60 works,
. Obituary Zheleznova in "Proceedings of the St. Petersburg Society of Naturalists" for 1877, compiled another Zheleznova Karl Fedorovich Kessler. A. Beketov.


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