Ferdinand Christian Baur (Baur Ferdinand Christian)

(1792-1860)
Born June 21, 1792 in a village near Stuttgart Schmid family Protestant pastor. He studied at the seminary in Blauboyrene, then the University of Tц?bingen. From 1817 he taught at blauboyrenskoy Seminary, and in 1826 became professor of theology of Tubingen University, has held this post until the end of life. Bauer died in Tц?bingen on Dec. 2, 1860
. In the initial period of its activity Baur tried to positions of rationalism to explain the supernatural events and ideas, . referred to in the New Testament (the Incarnation, . Atonement, . Trinity, . miracles, . resurrection of Jesus Christ, . his ascension and glorification),
. But by the end of his stay in Blauboyrene his views have evolved under the influence of labor released in 1821 Schleiermacher, The Christian faith and philosophy of history Hegel. The transformation of his views and the method of interpretation of Christian doctrine is clearly apparent in the book Baur Symbolism and mythology, or the natural religion of antiquity (Symbolik und Mythologie oder die Naturreligion des Alterthums, 1824-1825). Major works were written later than the theologian: The Christian doctrine of reconciliation in its historical development up to modern times (Die christliche Lehre von der Vershnung in ihrer geschichtlichen Entwickelung bis auf die neueste Zeit, . 1838), . The Christian doctrine of the Trinity and the Incarnation in its historical development (Die christliche Lehre von der Dreieinigkeit und Menschwerdung Gottes in ihrer geschichtlichen Entwickelung, . 3 volumes, . 1841-1843),
. At the time, Bauer was considered the most authoritative researcher of the history of dogmas.

In this paper, Christianity and the Christian church of the first three centuries (Das Christenthum und die christliche Kirche der drei ersten Jahrhunderte, 1853) Bauer used the Hegelian triad - thesis, antithesis, synthesis. Christian Peter (petrinizm), or iudeohristianstvo - thesis, Christian Paul (paulinizm) - the antithesis; orthodox (orthodox) Christianity - synthesis. However, this approach demanded the revision of the history of the New Testament writings: Baur admits the authenticity of only four epistles of Paul (Galatians, First and Second Epistle to the Corinthians, Romans, except for his last chapter). Other books of the New Testament (except Revelation), he refers to 2. Then the Gospel of Matthew is iudeohristianskim, Luke - paulinistskim, and Acts of the Apostles and the Gospel of John - the result of reconciliation of extremes and iudeohristianskogo paulinistskogo options. Accordingly Baur interprets TN. Early Catholicism (the period of formation of 2 in. organizations and faith of early Christian church) as a compromise between the modified iudeohristianstvom and Christianity Paul.