PAKUDHA Kachchayana

Pakudha Kachchayana (judging by the second name - scion of the ancient Brahmanic kind) distinguished seven 'atomic' began, . determining the existence of the individual: the four material elements (earth, . water, . fire, . wind), . joy and pain, . as well as animated beginning (jiva), . characterized as 'marginal', . constant ( 'strong, . 'as the mountain peaks, . unshakable as the columns', . - Formula, . expresses the credo of those, . who taught the Infinite Atman and the world, . on Brahmadzhala-sutta), . static, . vzaimoizolirovannye and can not be a cause of joy and suffering to each other,
. Schematic isolation of joy and suffering of the subject can take them deep inside the individual's intentions, and the subject - vnepolozhnym any feelings and actions. Therefore, the usual life of the individual is, according to Pakudhe, illusory: 'Because no one killed or forced to kill [other] not listening [instruction] and teaches [he] can not know [anything] and [nikogo] does not teach. And even if someone cut out [someone] a sharp sword, skull, he did not deprive him of life, for the sword will be [only] a 'border' [these] began '. Here is revealed the characteristic stratification levels of truth: at the level of empirical consciousness there knower, . existing and affected stakeholders, . at the level of truth for 'perfect', there are only the configuration described seven vnesubektnyh substantial began, . which in their sum does not consist in 'personality',
. Dualistic and depleted in a sense a parallel to this scheme - in the Jain Sutras-kritange where jiva opposes the five elements.
Effect Pakudhi the subsequent Indian philosophy has been very significant. Pakudha first presented a set of substances previously 'experienced' them 'atomicity' - reducible to other principles of (cp. of substances in Jainism and Vaisheshika) built a model of philosophical realism, and recognizing the tangible and intangible beginning, he has considerable responsibility for the 'expansion' of the individual components - the basic premise depersonalizma.