William Henry Fox Talbot (Talbot William Henry Fox)

(1800-1877)
Born on Feb. 11, 1800 in Melberi Abbas (Dorset). He studied first at the private teachers, then in Harrow. He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge University. Study mathematics, botany, crystallography, the decipherment of cuneiform texts, changing academic interests and opening up in every area, something new. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society, the Linnean Society, Royal Society of London. The idea of the photographic process, conceived by a scientist in 1833. In 1834, Talbot invented the photosensitive paper. Obtained her image fixed the solution of sodium chloride (common salt) or potassium iodide. Talbot's first photographs were a simple photogram, ie. photocopies obtained contact method. Then he 'combined' camera obscura with a microscope with natural lighting and received a positive from a negative fotootpechatok. In 1835, . After two and a half weeks after the publication of the French inventor of L. Daguerre made his opening, . Talbot demonstrated at the Royal Institute of their 'photogeny paintings' and soon published a paper detailing the technology they invented a photographic process,
. In 1840, scientists discovered, . if iodized photo paper (paper with a layer of silver nitrate, . the consistency in the solution of potassium iodide) sensibilizate gallic acid, . and then briefly expose the camera, . then on it will be hidden image, . which can then display a mixture of gallic acid and silver nitrate,
. Talbot named his invention calotypy. In 1843, the first time to make positive seal with the increases, in the same year opened a printing plant for the manufacture of printing plates of his book Brush nature (The Pencil of Nature, 1844-1846) - the world's first editions, illustrated with photos. In 1851 Talbot first met photographed with a very small exposure, and the following year patented a method of photographing with the imposition of 'screen' on a photographic plate, which became the forerunner of the method of obtaining a grayscale bitmap images. Talbot was one of the scientists who deciphered the cuneiform text in 1857, the Assyrian king Tiglath-Pileser I (c.. 1150 BC). Posted about 70 other translations of the Assyrian cuneiform texts and 50 articles on various subjects of science and mathematics. Died in Talbot-Laycock Abbey (Wiltshire) 17 September 1877.