(25. 11. 1903 - 6. 2. 1979)
And PAS A. Pliyev-eminent military commander of the Soviet Army. He was born Nov. 25, 1903 in the village of Old Batakoyurt Right Bank district of North-Ossetian ASSR. By Ossetian. Member of the CPSU since 1926. In the Soviet Army in 1922. IA. Pliyev graduated from the Leningrad Cavalry School, Military Academy named M.V. Frunze (1933), the General Staff Academy (1941) and higher academic courses at the Academy of General Staff. Since 1933, the chief operating office staff Cavalry Division, since 1936 advisor in the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army, then commander of the cavalry regiment. He took part in the hostilities in the territory of Western Belorussia. During the Great Patriotic War, IA. Pliyev, commanding Cavalry Division, Cavalry Corps and konnomehanizirovannymi groups, carried out a number of major operations to defeat the enemy groupings. IA. Pliyev awarded many orders and medals. He was a hero of the Mongolian People's Republic.
. W tion of the Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and medal "Gold Star" Issa Aleksandrovich Pliyev awarded April 16, 1944.
. In the Torah the Gold Star Medal "is awarded on Sept. 8, 1945 for courage and heroism displayed during the defeat of the Kwantung Army.
. Fter the war, Issa A. Pliyev commanded the army, was 1-st Deputy and then Commander of the North Caucasian Military District
. In June 1962 suppressed excitement of the workers in Novocherkassk. After the fall of that year, brilliantly led by Operation Anfdyr "on the landing and deployment of Soviet troops in Cuba. In the same 1962godu Pliyev was given the rank of Army General. Since 1968, the Group of gene. insp. MO SSSR. At the XXII Party Congress, Issa A. elected candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee. A deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR six convocations. Peru Plieva belong to several books, including "The End of the Kwantung Army" and "Through the Gobi and Khingan". Died Feb. 6, 1979.
.
MASTER SWIFT RADIO
. Fter the defeat in several major operations, including in the south, the fall of 1943 the Nazis, hoping to thaw, expected to get a breather
. It was very necessary for them to bring the battered troops in order, replenish with fresh reserves, to set up new defensive lines, removal of loot and theft of the Soviet people in slavery.
But the enemy did not get a break. Supreme Command decided: three mighty blows to split and destroy the fascist armies "South" and "A", get off at the border and the foothills of the Carpathians. Realize this difficult task two fronts: 2 nd Ukrainian, who conducted the Bug-Dniester operation, and the 3rd Ukrainian-to-Bereznegovato Snegirevskoy and Odessa Operations.
Important role in these operations has played a newly created group konnomehanizirovannaya front under the command of IA. Pliyev. In early March 1944 the general was urgently summoned to Apostolove. Here, Chief of Staff of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, announced his decision Front commander Rodion Malinovsky create konnomehanizirovannuyu front group on the basis of 4-th Guards Kuban Cossack Cavalry Corps.
Before the new team was immediately set a serious operational challenge: to build on the success at the direction of the main shock front. According to the concept of command, exercised breakthrough 8-th Guards Army General VI. Chuikov. In the corridor breakthrough immediately introduced konnomehanizirovannaya group that, with air support by the end of the second day of the operation to take the city New Bug and continue the offensive in the south. To the New Bug, a major hub of railways and highways, from the front edge of enemy defenses were more than 70 kilometers. They had to pass in the high pace of combat in the face of strong mud.
... Under the cover of night konnomehanizprovannaya group crossed the west bank of the river Ingulets and manufactured to shoot forward. Front troops launched an offensive and broke the enemy defenses in the area between Ingulets-Southern Bug. In the breakthrough of the front, a perfect army Chuykova, rushed into the raid on the operational rear fascist troops cavalry and tank crews General Pliyev.
With the continuous fighting, in the deep darkness of impassable mud plievtsy surge ahead. Tanks and guns bogged down in wet black soil. The horses were spent. And it seemed that everything moves at the hands of soldiers surprisingly brave and hardy Soviet soldiers.
Two hours later the Cossacks 34 th Regiment 9 th Guards Division, under cover of night break in Cvetkovo. For the success Issa Aleksandrovich throws into battle on horseback 9 th Guards Cavalry Division under General I.V. Tutarinov and tank parts. They burst into the area Kazankovsky-Ukrainka and purify it from the Nazis. The Group enters the operating room: the division and corps group during the night away wedge in the enemy's rear. They are making it farther and farther, destroying his manpower and equipment, flowing centers of resistance.
At dawn on March 9 Soviet troops occupied the railway station on the outskirts of the city. The success of the battle decided dashing boldness and military skills. Regimental commander, Lieutenant Colonel Guard I.I. Boldyrev the move attacked the station, but met with heavy fire. He instantly decided: not to get involved in a protracted battle front. Hiding behind a small barrier, Boldyrev main forces bypass the station and attacked from the flank and rear. The Nazis crushed, and the cavalry and tank crews rushing more.
In the continuous battle plievtsy moving to the New Bug, and the nearer the city, the more stubborn enemy resistance, the harder the battle, emerging in different parts of a broad front offensive.
Pliyev attacking the city from three sides: the tank men break into the streets to the north, horsemen from the east and south. Sudden Impact crushed the enemy's defenses, to cause panic. The attack was so unexpected, that the head of the fascist garrison, not realizing what was happening, commander reprimanded for unacceptable noise in the city, the noise at night, when "the generals" should rest.
Thus, one and a half days konnomehanizirovannaya group was fought with heavy mud more than 70 kilometers and captured the town of Novy Bug. 6 th German army was divided into two groups, deprived of communication and operational agility.
Enemy commanders exerting all efforts to prevent further movement of Pliyeva, stop it. But Pliyev gives the enemy time to recover, gather strength. With the seizure of the New Bug commander dramatically expands the shell to the south, destroying the rear of the southern group of enemy forces, and, still embracing movement, causing the main forces of the decisive blow from west to east. Ways to waste 6 German Army to the west were covered with.
This brilliant in conception and gifted to the operational maneuver a large grouping of mobile troops under the command of General Plieva decided the fate of 6-th army of enemy. Nazi troops attacked from the East Army General VI. Chuikova in conjunction with other armies of the front, rushed to the west, but here they came under aerial bombardment and armored cavalry divisions and corps, General Pliyev.
The speed, pressure and maneuver, courage and heroism, military skill of soldiers and officers, so that forging a total victory in this raid.
General shared with his soldiers all the dangers and hardships of the raid operation (and they were always around). He is always where the danger becomes more acute, and the difficulties seemed insurmountable. His fearlessness and. resourcefulness than once saved the situation.
... At the junction of two sections of a gap: it does not shoot, there was no visible Soviet soldiers. Fascists and stretched here. At this time Pliev operational group and liaison officers went to the 4-th Guards Mechanized Corps. Free forces and resources to cover the gaps at hand was not. Issa A., decides to give the Nazis the impression that here they also do not go to the west. He quickly develops into a fighting formation accompanying the soldiers, officers and passing tanks. The enemy, he stumbled on burn resistance, disorganized and deceived. He began to deploy a column for a breakthrough. But late. Time won. The commander had given orders by radio neighboring shell strike the flank of the enemy ...
In the midst of battle, Issa A. receives an additional task: to cut off escape routes to the enemy Nikolaev and from him to the west. Part of the group, turning on the fly, causing a decisive blow against the enemy in a new direction.
Breakthrough konnomehanizirovannoy groups operating in the rear of the enemy, the defeat of its reserves, paralysis management interception escape routes to the west-all this provided favorable conditions for the success of the offensive from the east. The fate of 6-th of the fascist army was solved in a short time. March 16, 1944 the Soviet Information Bureau issued a message: "The main damage inflicted to the enemy during the period March 13-16, . when the German command, . in connection with the release of the Guard, Lieutenant-General in the German rear Plieva, . lost all control of his troops and ordered to break through, to the west in small groups or even singly ",
.
With Toll successfully complete Bereznegovato-Snegirevskaya operation prepared the ground for the operation of the Odessa. Konnomehanizirovannaya Group adopted its right to exist. Front Military Council in welcoming IA. Pliyev wrote: "The Military Council warmly congratulates you on the high government award, wants to further success in the final defeat of the hated enemy and tries to hug you personally and congratulate the city of Odessa".
I read a congratulation Issa A. and smiled: "Congratulations-you in advance ... Well, since the trust was so high, we will make every effort to justify it ". Prior to Odessa, then left to go over 200 miles across the steppes, engaged the enemy, enhanced cross-country and along the banks of two rivers. In the operation of the Odessa group of General Pliyev again at a crucial part of the front: it crossed the Southern Bug, is a breakthrough of enemy defenses and strike deep in enemy's rear, cutting its troops and destroying them.
Daring throw Corps team reached the approaches to the station Split. The night was cold, wet, sticky snow was falling. "The station must be attacked before dawn under cover of night to destroy a superior enemy forces," decides Pliyev, wait-dawn-like death ". Waste German troops trying to break through to the west of the Dniester, were arrayed in the rear, hovering on the flanks, small units seep into the joints. And ahead of an important center of resistance Station Split. German command seeks to retain all of its forces. Purpose is clear. This is the last node of railways in the territory of the USSR. Air reconnaissance had reported that the railroad tracks until Odessa and farther to the east and north-east clogged echelons. In these conditions, all had to decide whether a daring night attack.
General Pliyev orders: it demands an immediate attack, but is a hitch. Floating away precious time. "What's the matter? Why not attack?" With these thoughts leaves the general command post. Delay can. Situation is as follows: either under cover of darkness, . rain and snow, a sudden attack to defeat the Nazis and small blood, . either stay until dawn, . put part under attack by enemy aircraft and enemy fire system, . then a long time to storm every street, . Crossroads, . house and lose thousands of people ..,
.
Past moves predboevye orders developable divisions. Moving too slowly. Commander sees: vybivshiesya forces of Cossacks and tankers literally sleeping on the move. People are tired. But the attack can not be delayed ... "No, delay-crime. Must inspire the fighters, "the general decides. He chafing first Cossack with a horse and a broad gait rushes forward ...
General IA. Pliyev-man brave and courageous. In a moment of mortal danger, when all the possibilities to influence the course of the battle turned out to use, not just himself led the attack the soldiers and officers. Some may say that this form of command and control is not the best. Perhaps. But there are unwritten laws of war, when the fate of the battle might decide only a strong psychological impact on soldiers. At such moments, personal authority and the will of the commander, his willingness to die or win, along with the soldiers inspire troops to unprecedented feats.
It is this situation is operationally in the deep behind the enemy lines under separate, physical exhaustion dulled by a sense of personal susceptibility to everything going on around. Nothing seemed to be able to raise troops for a vigorous assault. But martial orders flashed the message: "The team ahead! Attack leads Pliyev!" That news wiped drowsiness and fatigue, lifted and pulled all: the division and corps rushed forward. Suddenly decided success. It was a big victory for small blood. At the station separately as trophies in the hands of plievtsev got more than a hundred serviceable locomotives, thousands of cars with the loot. Many of the Soviet people were saved from German slavery.
From separate general Pliev suddenly turned to fascist troops to bypass the west of Odessa. Enormous mass of cavalry and tanks swept away in its path desperately resisted the enemy's screens. The commander led the corps along the Dniester to Odessa, he was in a hurry. He knew that on the outskirts of the city in a big village Belyaevka are water pumping facilities, supplying water to Odessa. The Nazis were preparing to blow up the pump house and leave the population without water.
Fighting blast quickly to the commander of troops. Soldiers and officers understand the idea of his general. Belyaevka, and then Lighthouses were captured on the run. Blow up the center of Odessa Water fascists did not manage.
With the release konnomehanizirovannoy groups in the area the way for. the enemy's retreat was cut off for the Dniester. Horse-hanizirovannaya Group again dramatically changed the direction of impact, and suddenly appeared to the west of Odessa, a part of the forces reached the area south of the city. By this time the Army center and left flank came to Odessa from the north and east. General Pliev deployed Corps to strike at the Odessa group of Germans toward the troops. A large group of fascist troops had been defeated. April 10 Odessa was liberated.
Thus, ten days of operation konnomehaniziro-bath group with continuous battles to bad roads, was hundreds of miles through deep rear of the enemy, and played a decisive role in defeating the enemy troops in the south. Commander koinomehanizirovannoy group and. A. Pliyev was awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In the subsequent battles with the Nazis in the forests and swamps of Belorussia, the expanses of Eastern and Central Europe, General Pliyev remained true to himself: he always did what he did not expect the enemy. The Germans are preparing to greet Plieva exit from a raid in the east, but he broke through in the west, went deep into enemy territory, and his guard at a new way, and he returned to the old way, it caught in the ring, but he was surrounded by.
Pliyev than once boldly penetrated into the rear of the enemy for hundreds of kilometers. Dashing headlong daring onslaught plievtsev gave birth in the camp of the enemy panic.
T alantlivym warlord distinguished himself Issa Alexandrovich in the fields of Manchuria in the Khingano-Mukden Operation. It was implemented in August 1945, troops of the Trans-Baikal Front, commanded by Marshal Rodion Malinovsky.
On the right flank, in the desert and arid areas, acted konnomehanizirovannaya group Plieva. It includes a number of Soviet soldiers fought soldiers of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army.
Flank of the front has been opened: the connection and part of the group attacked in isolation, without calculating the active support of a neighbor on the left, in the absence of our troops on the right. The length of the offensive zone amounted to hundreds of kilometers wide and deep. The situation demanded to operate at a fast pace, which stemmed from the directives of the front commander R.YA. Malinowski and the Chief of Staff M.V. Zakharova.
The general sits in all-terrain vehicle, and inspiring the attacking part, carries them along.
Not once Pliyev summoned the commander of the lagging on the radio and demanded: "I'm ahead, waiting for you".
Already crossed the desert of Inner Mongolia, overcome mountains of the Great Khingan. In the first days of the offensive team Plieva in collaboration with the Mongolian army took the city Chzhanbay, Dolonnor and other towns.
A general all calls onward.
The troops attacked day and night without stopping, without rest, walked rapidly, crushing all that resisted.
-How not to fall into captivity, warily warned the general assistants. But Pliyev was adamant. No time to lose. He knew if the team ahead of the main forces of troops, the soldiers commit a roll in a most difficult and impossible.
So streets Rehe. They are full of Japanese soldiers and officers. Turning back later, they noticed. Pliyev asked to call him the garrison commander. Meanwhile, a sharp glance General habitually defined the position and the combat readiness of units of the garrison. Little consolation. All indications are that in Rehe located in full combat readiness of large military units.
AZ Soviet general. I propose to lay down their arms, "he says quietly but insistently embarrassed representative of the Japanese General Staff.
One feels that such an unexpected, stunning appearance in the camp of the enemy Soviet general had its effect on the samurai, and he requested two weeks to agree the issue with Tokyo and reflection.
But Pliyev understand: every guy in time, the slightest concession, a wrong look, gesture or intonation, and all could end in the death of his group and the accompanying officers.
Japanese General Staff from timid angularity, but carefully scrutinizes Soviet general. There is an invisible but intense battle of minds.
Pliyev immediately assesses the situation: he knows that on hand only the advanced part of. The main forces on the approach to the city.
Issa A. calmly looks at his watch and demanding states:
-I give you two hours to think and ordering the surrender. After this period, the division will begin to attack the city. The troops of the garrison will be routed. Their destruction will fall on your responsibility.
Many thousands Jehol garrison laid down their arms before the Soviet General.
Successfully proceeded and the actions of another, Kalgan, direction. Here the troops of General Pliyev reached the line Kalgan Pass, which were strongly fortified defensive areas, erected by the Japanese for five years (from 1935 to 1940).
But the Soviet and Mongolian soldiers under the command of General IA. Pliyev suddenly struck powerful Kalgan fortifications and violent storm took them, defeating the elite units of the Kwantung Army.
Peter Nikitin
---
Sources:
1) Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary. V.2. M.: Voeniz.1988.
2) People of the immortal exploits. Moscow submarine v.2 1975
