Publius Nazon Ovid (Ovidius Naso, Publius)

Ovid Nazon, Publius; Ovidius Naso, Publius, 43 g. BC. EG-18 (or 17) g. n. e., Roman poet. Born in Sulmona at the foot of Apennines. Occurred from a wealthy equestrian family. In accordance with the desire of his father, he was sent to study in Rome, to devote themselves to career politicians and lawyers. In addition to tuition traveled to Athens, Asia Minor and Sicily. After returning to Rome quickly gave up a career civil servant and devoted himself entirely to poetry. - The first product immediately brought about. loud glory. He was connected with the poetic circle Messaly. He knew Horace and Virgil admired, was a friend of Propertius, and the memory Tibull devoted one of his finest elegies. O. was thrice married, had a daughter. At 8 g. n. e., at the top of fame and glory, O. unexpectedly, was sentenced to exile by Augustus on the Black Sea in Him (sovr. Constanta). The reason for the expulsion Unknown. Sam O. said that his only fault was carmine (lyrics) (Science of Love?) and error. But we do not know what this error was. However, August was very offended, because despite numerous requests for clemency, which the poet had sent to Rome, the sentence was not revoked.

About. Tome died after 10 years of exile. All the pieces, O., except Metamorphosis and preserved the tragedy of Medea, were written elegiac distihom. The early period of creativity on. devoted to works on the theme of love. Ok. 20 g. BC. e. O. published the first collection of Love Elegies (Amores) in 5 books. Survived only 3 books of the second edition. This love of the work (an exception is an elegy, describing the procession in honor of Juno, and as earlier elegy on the death Tibull) on Corinne. Corinne - fictitious character, fiction, and are described by the poet's feelings and experiences. Drawing from the archaic and Hellenistic Greek poetry, as well as using exercises, which he served in the rhetorical school, about. presented a well-known from the literature of love scenes, situations, experiences: waiting at the door of his beloved, strife, joy, betrayal, jealousy. Poems About. filled with charm and humor, and sometimes - cynicism and irony. Between the first and second edition of the elegies of love was born the first part of the collection Heroides (Heroides or Epistulae Heroidum) - 15 addresses mythical heroines: Penelope, Medea, Dido, Ariadne, and others, addressed to the wrong husbands or sweethearts. The second part, apparently, was created later, it includes three pairs of letters written by lovers to each other.

In these elegies the influence of the rhetorical schools, they are more like monologues, illustrating the experiences of heroines. From the didactic poems, . is like a parody version of the Hellenistic didactic poems (Arat, . Nikandr), the oldest is a poem about the women's faces coloring (De medicamine faciei femineae), . of which 50 survived distihov; it On,
. telling the girls about how we should care about their appearance. In Science of Love (Ars amatoria), was published, apparently, in 1 g. BC. e., O. outlined the science of seduction. At first he was only 2 books tips for men, then added the book. III, designed for girls. O. gave precise instructions where to find beautiful girls, as they seduce (kn. I), how to extend the relationship (kn. II). Some addressed to women, too, contains such advice. Poem full of humor, full of amusing expressions and maxims, comic situations. Its realism is distinguished elegance and culture, sensitivity and sophistication. Excellent written picture of Roman society of the Augustan epoch is illustrated by numerous examples from mythology, the poem many comparisons and digressions. Science has become a continuation of the love poem cure for love (Remedia amoris) in 1 book, published about. 2 g. n. e..

The interior in the same tone as the science of love, and teaches the reader how to do to recover from an unhappy love. Mature work on. represented by two great poems: Metamorphosis (Metamorphoseon libri XV) in 15 books and fast (Fasti); both written after 1 g. n. e. In Metamorphoses About. was guided by the Greek poets: Kallimaha, Eratosthenes, Nikandra, Parfenov Nicea, as well as Roman - Catullus, Tsinnu, Macer. Scenes he took from the inexhaustible treasury of Greco-Roman myths, choosing mainly those that are told about any transformations. O. conspired to present the myths in chronological order from the beginning of the world before his time. The poem begins the birth of the world from chaos and ends with the apotheosis of Caesar. Book IV includes the most ancient myths of the flood, about four centuries, mankind, the world of fire - before the age of Thebes; kn. VI-X contain stories relating to Hercules, with kn. XI started the Trojan legend, Italic and Roman. Within the whole saga about. says or mentions 250 myths about the transformations. In order to give the narrative cohesion, it uses the principle of chronological and genealogical sequence, groups local myths and legends related to a single theme or contrasting with each other, includes a number of episodes.

Diversity of content creates a variety of styles and moods: the beginning and end of the Metamorphoses are written in a philosophical tone as well, such as courtship Cyclops reminds idyll. The whole, however, embodies the epic style that emphasize the numerous Homeric comparisons, descriptions of nature and works of art, big epic scenes, catalogs, and above all size - hexameter. At the same time that the Metamorphoses, The. creates Fast (dies fasti - these are days, . of which were public statements and is authorized by the activities, . Unlike the no of days - dies nefasti) The creation of this poetic calendar, . telling the establishment of the Roman holidays, . birth customs and rituals, . About,
. inspired by the works of Arata and Kallimaha, and by some accounts, as the works of Varro, Cato, Beppu, Flaccus. Exile prevented About. finish work. He managed to write only 6 books, each devoted to one month, from January to June. Exile broke down on. Works created in this period, describes the monotony of the content and tone. Tristia (mournful elegy) in 5 books include elegies to his wife, friends and the Emperor asking for intercession and pardon. They breathe nostalgia for Rome, full of memories, paint a sad picture of life in exile. The second book is only one elegy, addressed to Augustus, in which the poet explains about the accusations against the Science of Love.

Elegy 10 in Book IV is an autobiography of the poet. Letters from Pontus (Epistulae ex Ponto) in 4 books were published later, Prince. IV, apparently, after the death of the poet. Their content like Tristia, but each message is addressed to a specific person. In exile, O., probably learned the language and Geti it written paean in honor of Augustus. To this period belong: the product-oriented Kallimaha Ibis, full of curses enemies O., poem about fish Halieutica (я?я€.) and the elegy Walnut (Nux), in which the sound complaints tree. Unlike Virgil and Horace, O. Augustus did not accept the declared program of recovery of Roman society. About love and about the gods, he always spoke freely. However, he praised his time, extolled the beauty of Rome and. Roman reality shines through even the myth: Zeus in the poem. Recalls August, Olympus - Palatine, nymphs and goddesses - Roman Beauties. O. - Brilliant knowledge of human psychology, especially women.

His advice in love surprises with its accuracy, letters heroines breathe real sense. O. is also the master narrative. He captures the lively and colorful description, imagination, a variety of moods, a sense of humor. The influence of rhetoric is manifested in numerous sayings, humorous turns, play on words. Language and verse on. perfect, full of charm and elegant simplicity. O. was popular with his contemporaries had. In the Middle Ages read especially his love poems, treating them allegorically. Metamorphoses called "Bible of the Gentiles" and "Bible of Poetry". O. had an enormous impact not only on literature: it has provided material for dramas and operas, as well as works of art.