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Haruki Murakami

( Japanese writer)

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Biography Haruki Murakami
Murakami, Haruki (Murakami, Haruki), (1949), Japanese writer.
Haruki Murakami was born January 12, 1949 in the ancient Japanese capital of Kyoto in the family of a teacher of Japanese language and literature. Childhood in a large industrial port of Kobe. In 1950-1960-e Kobe was one of the few Japanese cities, where they could get foreign books and chat with foreigners.

Early mastered English, which was at that time for the Japanese rarity, the future writer paid a lot of time reading books in this language, which showed in the bookshops in the vicinity of the port. The sailors of American ships, and kept calling at Japanese ports, permanently handed over to the stores you have read the literature for a trifle, and booksellers willing to buy them for resale to other foreigners.

Acquainted with the works of Truman Capote, Raymond Carver, as well as Marcel Proust, young Haruki discussed with the father need a major upgrade in the Japanese literature. His appeals to the transformation of modern Japanese literature from the literature for internal use in the literature worldwide coverage did not like the patriotic father, which was ultimately the cause of alienation between.

For all its focus on literary modernity Murakami graduated from the classical (Greek) Japanese drama prestigious Waseda University. Years of study coincided with a time of political chaos and the student riots. In Japan, these riots ended in complete defeat of the student movement, youth are not allowed to say their special word in the reconstruction of the country, transformed into a world industrial power. Like most of the rebels of the seventies, stormed the fence of U.S. military bases in the midst of the Vietnam War, Murakami came to the next decade grown up and been somewhat disappointed. He began to see more sense not to establish 'justice' in the outside world, and in interpersonal relations with their range of internal feelings, in search of inner harmony of the individual.

Murakami remembers well, when he suddenly felt a writer. It happened to him when he was on the stands under the roar of the fans watching a baseball game, Japan - USA. Once opened the first game of this season favorite game Dave Hilton expertly off one after the other two in its filing address under the frantic applause of the stands, Murakami suddenly realized that he could write a novel.

At that time he and his wife Yoko were the owners of a small jazz bar in Tokyo 'Peter Cat'. Every night after the closure of establishments Haruki stayed here for several hours, sit at the kitchen table and began to write, and the first English. Name of the novel "Hear the Wind Sing" Murakami borrowed from a story by the beloved writer Truman Capote. In this novel, published in 1979, collage recollections teenager alternate with surprisingly profound philosophical improvisations on the life and death.

Murakami immediately found its readers by bribing its apparent simplicity and the sad wisdom of monologues of his characters. "I want to tell about his friend: It is always difficult to talk about who are no longer. Even more difficult - about a girl who died young. Once she died, she now always young - while I'm alive, every year, every month and day become all the old. Sometimes I think - I'm getting older with each passing hour. And what is the worst - it is really true:

His first novel, self-confident Murakami filed at the prestigious magazine 'Gunzo' for beginners in literature and received a prize. In the same 1979 debut novel was sold for a beginner unprecedented circulation of more than 150 thousand copies. Then came the writer's second novel, "The Chinese billiards" 1973. Along with "Hunting for Sheep" (1982), these novels are so-called "Trilogy of the Rat".

Almost every novel of Murakami in the center of the plot is a kind of monster, the incomprehensible nature. It can have a variety of forms. In "Hunting for sheep - an animal ghost, which is infused into people and lacquer their souls. This is not positive, but not bad, not good and not evil in its pure form. The purpose of this substance is generally beyond the human imagination.

- A goal in sheep - it is all humanity?

Humanity: the understanding of Sheep. "

Before moving into human, sheep politely asked the consent of. That is the choice still always make ourselves. For the correct choice should be primarily personality. It would be neither logical nor ideals, it can not be attributed socium. Therefore, the main character in jeans is more stable and viable than the important people in tuxedos and limousines.

Writing an accurate definition of genre novels of Murakami's extremely difficult. He combines in his works of science fiction and detective mysteries and dystopia. For example, in the novel "Wonderland without brakes and the end of the world" (1984), which is an anti-Utopia, affecting the burning issues of our time, the novel, which is sometimes called the most enigmatic and mystical of all his works.

Older Japanese do not like this writer, for them it 'bata-bite' - 'reeking with oil', the name of a nation that traditionally do not eat milk, all the pro-Western, alien, it. After all, his characters are eating pizza and spaghetti, listen to Rossini, the Ella Fitzgerald, and one of the most famous novels in two volumes of "Norwegian Wood" (1987) is named after the hit of the Beatles. Events in his novels could occur anywhere. Often this does not even have names, and only the names of cities and streets casually recalls that it is still Japan. At the same time, Murakami was the first Japanese writer to offer young people 'the hero of his time' with a deeply heartfelt and clearly recognized the position from a purely Japanese penchant for meditative, plunged into itself the existence of. Murakami's first translator into Russian D. Kovalenin rightly compares it played doctrines 'group consciousness' protagonists with characters Strugatsky brothers (the eldest of whom, Arkady, incidentally, was a translator from Japanese).

Another merit of Murakami - he was the first in the 'male' fiction brought vivid and individual female characters. Even the youngest a feminine this writer different special gift of intuition: 'Well, you say: I believe there still something else. I do not predict what will happen, but just feel that is happening. But there are also some special air, as if the mood of what will happen then. Understand? Well, for example, someone doing exercises on the horizontal bar, and soon hurt himself something. But it is right now there is negligence, some extra confidence, right? "

. Read the novels of Murakami - all that is considered a masterful collage, where fragments of reality mingled with dreams and at the same time to listen to musical improvisation, going to their execution in the form of dance
. Improvisation in the spirit of Zen is connected to an accuracy of symbolist. This is especially true for the novel "Danc, danc, dans" (1988): - I have something just does not touch you - I said. - Rather, it is a movement in dance. Reflex. The head is not thinking, but the body remembers. And when the music sounds, the body itself begins to move very naturally. And even when everything around menyatesya - not important. The dance is very complex. Can not be distracted by what happens around. You start distractions - sobeshsya with rhythm. I'll just mediocrity 'is not in the stream':.

In muzykalizatsii text Murakami has such literary predecessors as G. Lorca, H.-L.Borhes, J. Cortazar. But reinterpreted Japanese aestheticism provides unique benefits.

Over the past few years, Murakami has become one of the most widely read authors in Russia. OGI Club in Moscow has never seen more public than during a meeting with him until recently, only a translator Dmitri Kovaleninym in 2001. The reason, perhaps, not only in literary texts as Murakami, but in a certain similarity of problems in Japan and Russia in 1980-1990-e. It was then, . when Russia was deprived of the core of the Soviet system, . began to fall and a 'colossus with feet of clay', . as the 'Japanese economic miracle' - the system of lifetime employment with guarantees comfortable existence in exchange for a slavish obedience to the collective,
. Without this system, the whole structure of Japanese society is collapsing. And the problem of self-determination among young people acquire with much more acute than it was ever before. Escaping with his own youth from the shell, the country as it begins to observe himself from the outside - partly with the help of Murakami.

Last monumental work of a writer - the novel "Wind-Up Bird Chronicle" (1994), released in Japan in three volumes.

The last ten years living abroad, moving from Greece to Italy, from Europe to the U.S.. Each year brings its new written in Japanese novel. Writes short stories and cultural essays. Is also involved in translation English-language literature.


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