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Nicholas Sklifosovsky

( Doctor)

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Biography Nicholas Sklifosovsky
It is unlikely that these days there is a man who has not heard a name Sklifosofskiy. Nevertheless, the activities of this remarkable scientist and physician, little is known.
He was born near the city of Dubossary, and graduated from high school in Odessa. Doctor Sklifosovsky decided to become even as a child, so after school he went to Moscow and entered the Medical Faculty of Moscow University. It was determined his medical specialty - surgery.
. When he returned after graduation to their homeland, Sklifosovsky spent several years with country doctor, and then entered the Odessa city hospital, where he soon became the head of surgical department
. All his spare time he perfected his surgical skills, and three years later defended his doctoral dissertation. But then he thought that does not yet possess sufficient knowledge and experience.
In 1866 Sklifosovsky went to a trip abroad. For two years, during which he managed to work in England, France and Germany, Nikolai met with various surgical school and studied the features of organization of medical care in different countries. It was at this time, he drew attention to the work of the famous surgeon Lister, who first proved the necessity of sterilization of surgical instruments and surgical field. Now it is difficult to imagine that even in the middle of last century, most surgeons consider it unnecessary and even harmful!

. Reports made Sklifosovsky at several medical congresses, attracted the attention of specialists
. One of the first, he developed a practical method of surgical disinfection. When the Austro-Prussian War, Sklifosovsky received permission of the Austrian Government and went to the front. After the conclusion of peace he returned to Odessa, but as it turned out, not for long, because it started the Franco-Prussian War and he again had to go to the front. True, a few months later he returned to Russia, but this time to St. Petersburg because he was invited to the Medico-Surgical Academy - the only educational institution in Russia, where military doctors were prepared.

. In St. Petersburg Sklifosovsky worked for five years, after which they again went to the Balkans, and then to the Russian-Turkish war
. There he worked with a wonderful surgeon H. I. Pirogov, who gave a brilliant tip about the training of their colleagues. As a consultant of the Red Cross Sklifosovsky had to combine work of a surgeon with a multi-organizational activities. During the heavy fighting at Plevna and at the foot of Shipka, he sometimes did not interrupt work on a few days to help everyone who needed it. Later estimates that directly through his hands passed more than ten thousand wounded.
After returning to Russia Sklifosovsky became a professor at Moscow University and head of the Surgical Clinic. It was a bold step, because at that time the clinic was in quite a state of neglect. But Sklifosovsky vigorously set to work, and soon the hospital was one of the best medical institutions in Europe. Sklifosovsky one of the first not only in Russia but in Europe has introduced a hot processing of medical instruments and linen, and has almost complete absence of postoperative complications and infections. Many serious illnesses that most doctors considered incurable, were defeated only through the efforts Sklifosofskiy.

. Around the medical clinic to the Virgin field was soon built a small town, again with the direct participation Sklifosofskiy
. For his design of a scientist has created a public committee, which brought together leading experts of his time. Program hygienic measures Sklifosovsky developed together with F. Erismann, laid the foundations of medical care. And in order to obtain the necessary funds, he had several times to go to St. Petersburg to the Minister of Health.

However Sklifosovsky not calmed down and after it settled down his clinic. He undertook to promote the latest scientific knowledge among practitioners and for this purpose created the Society of Russian Physicians. On his initiative in Russia for the first time began to hold periodic congresses of surgeons. But the greatest impact was organized Sklifosovsky XII International Congress of Surgeons. He was held in Moscow in 1897. It was attended by prominent scientists from many countries, including prominent German physiologist Rudolf Virchow. Sklifosovsky clinic visits, he said in an interview: "You are standing at the head of institution, who envy other peoples of Europe!"
A lot of effort put Sklifosovsky and the creation of medical journals. Academic founded two publications, "Surgical Chronicle" and "Chronicle of Russian surgery, but in order to reduce the cost and make them more accessible, he spent considerable sums from its own funds.

. On the authority of Sklifosofskiy presents a case
. Doctors from all over Russia gathered the necessary funds for the construction of the monument H. I. Pirogov in Moscow, but Moscow authorities refused to give permission for the building, fearing liability. Learning of this, Sklifosovsky went to St. Petersburg and, having obtained an audience with the Emperor Nicholas II, received his permission. It was put Russia's first monument to the scientist.

Sklifosovsky charge of the clinic for fourteen years, and during that time there have called many doctors from around the world. Sklifosovsky believed that physicians should periodically collect for retraining in accordance with the latest achievements of medicine. For this, he organized a new type of institution - Institute of Advanced Medical. This new deal also required him great effort: it was necessary not only to rebuild old buildings, but also to equip them with all necessary. But Sklifosovsky at this time was already past 60!
Despite the fame, the famous physician differed modesty and not stand when around his name flack. For example, he flatly refused the solemn celebration, when colleagues decided to celebrate 25 years of its operations in Moscow University. Still, Moscow began to receive congratulations from all over Russia and from many countries. Letters came from various agencies, wrote prominent scientists, physicians, grateful patients. Only telegrams were received more than four hundred.
In recent years, life scientists have been overshadowed by a serious disease - stroke. He left Russia and settled in his estate Yakovtsy near Poltava. Few recovered from the disease, a scientist engaged in gardening. But the improvement was short-lived, and soon Sklifosovsky died suddenly. Outstanding scientist was buried near the site of the famous battle of Poltava.


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