Bredikhin Fyodor

(1831 - 1904), received his early education at the Odessa High School and then in the Richelieu Lyceum, at the end of the course at Moscow University, was sent abroad. Upon return Bredikhin was appointed an observer at the Moscow Observatory and then director of. He was elected an Associate (1857), in the extraordinary (1862) and in the ordinary professor (1865) Moscow University. Chair Bredikhin served (with an interval of 3 months in 1869, when the professor was in Kiev) until 1890. This year he was elected as an ordinary academician of the Academy of Sciences and appointed director of the Pulkovo Observatory. In 1895, citing fatigue, leaving Pulkovo, continuing to be an academician. Settled in St. Petersburg, where he died. Bredikhin was a wonderful lecturer and teacher, who knew how to interest students. Under his leadership, the Moscow Observatory, the first in Russia was engaged almost exclusively in astrophysics. He founded "Annales de l'observatoire de Moscou" to conclude a number of valuable works of himself and staff. Bredikhin written more than 100 separate articles. The main loop works Bredikhina regard to the theory of cometary forms. These include his dissertation: "On the tails of comets" (1862), "Perturbations of comets, . not depend on the planetary attraction "(1864) and a large number of memoirs (the comets from different years), . printed, . mainly, . in the annals of Moscow ", . as well as in "Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences",
. Bredikhin developed the theory of Bessel repulsive force of the sun, causing a tailing comets, and found them three types depending on the chemical composition and the amount of force (cm. Comets). Partly in connection with these works is another (later) a number of memoirs ( "Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences") on the theory of the allocation of meteors from the anomalous tails of comets. Bredikhin pointed out that the radiant is the area with a shape of an ellipse (depending on the conditions of eruption of the comet and meteor scatter them; cm. Meteors, shooting stars). Hypothesis repulsive force Bredikhin in one of his latest memoir explains the structure of the corona of the sun. Bredikhin deserved reputation as a spectroscopist. Belong to him ( "Moscow annals"), one of the first studies of the spectra of comets. Moscow Bredikhin conducted systematic observations of solar prominences spectroscope; was pictures of Jupiter's disk and "red" spots on it. Research Bredikhina of cometary forms, scattered on separate memoirs, collected and presented to the system in the book Egermanna "Prof. Bredichin's Mechanische Untersuchungen uber Cometenformen "St. Petersburg., 1903). V. S.