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GRANOVSKY Timothy N.

( The famous professor of history)

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Biography GRANOVSKY Timothy N.
(1813 - 1855), was born in the family of the landed middle class. Mother Granovsky, malorossiyskoy came from a wealthy family, had a beneficial influence on his son. His early education Granovsky was directed mainly to the study of languages (French and English). 13 years Granovsky was given to the Moscow board Kister, where he stayed for two years, and then to 18 years remained at home, without proper leadership. In 1831, Mr.. Granovsky joined in St. Petersburg, in the Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Bureaucratic work had little attraction for him, and he in a few months ready for university. Joined Granovsky at the Faculty of Law, because he knew the ancient languages is not enough to go on the verbal, is not engaged in legal subjects as literature, history, part philosophy. Throughout his university career Granovsky in poverty, due mainly carelessness father, who for months would not send him to the promised content. In 1835, Mr.. Granovsky graduated from the course and joined the Secretary Hydrographic Department. Already in the university literary talent Granovsky drew attention to it (among other things Pletnev). Upon its completion, he became a little to get involved in journalistic work. VK. Rzhevskii, who served under Count S.G. Stroganov, became a mediator between his head and Granovsky, who, because of this familiarity, received a trip abroad to prepare for a professorship in World History. Most of the two-year mission (since 1837) Granovsky stayed in Berlin and only a short time went to Dresden, Prague and Vienna. The greatest value for him had a lecture Ranke, Ritter, Savigny and Hegelian Bremen. More, however, than any university lecture, facilitated the dissemination Granovsky with the philosophy of communication with NV. Stankevich, who became a friend of his was still in Russia, and in 1837. spent with them part of the winter in Berlin. Above all the special knowledge became for him the idea of the general philosophical context phenomena. Study of Hegel, especially a lot to promote the continued pursuit Granovsky consider cultural history as a whole and suggesting it progressive development. In autumn 1839, Mr.. Granovsky, arrived in Moscow and began to lecture philologists and lawyers. Soon he gained the sympathy of the students, thanks to the poetic force of the heart and warmth of presentation. We can say that none of Russian professor did not give the audience a compelling and profound impression. In addition to university courses, Granovsky glorified public lectures, which collected all that was best in what was then the Moscow society. He read them three times: in 1843 - 44 years of a course on the history of the Middle Ages: in 1845 - 46 years - a comparative history of Britain and France, in 1851. - The famous four characteristics (Tamerlane, Alexander the Great, Louis IX, Bacon). Last logged in "Collected Works", in addition, Professor Babst published in the magazine "Time" for 1862. several lectures from university courses, but the text may not be exact reproduction of words Granovsky. Still preserved medieval handwritten summaries of the course and several audience recordings that differ usual in such cases, the problems and misunderstandings. Wrote Granovsky reluctantly and had therefore not been able to leave to posterity as much as gave contemporaries. In 1845, Mr.. left his master's thesis (Wolin, Iomsburg and Vineta), in which the author criticizes the tradition of the brilliant capital of Vendian Pomerania - Vineta. In 1849, Mr.. doctoral thesis on Abbot Abbot Suger highlighted in terms of set O. Thierry and Guizot, the history of state formation in France. In 1852, Mr.. Granovsky was uttered speech acts: "The present state and importance of universal history," sums up his views on the historical science in the period of full mental maturity. The influence of Hegel is already significantly weakened, the author notes unilateralism and arbitrariness of his constructions, . points to the powerful impact of the natural sciences and tries to determine, . the extent to which history has the right to an independent method,
. In 1855, Mr.. in "Archive" Kalacheva article appeared on the tribal life of the ancient Germans ", . which showed the influence of Germany and the degeneration of the tribal communities and indirectly contributed to the formulation of the theory of tribal, . Soloviev and exhibited Kavelin against Belyaeva,
. In addition to these major works, . appeared a number of articles, . caused by the news of foreign and Russian literature, . followed by Granovskii always had an eye (early biographies of Niebuhr, . records of Niebuhr's Lectures on ancient history, about Gracchus moted, . on "The fate of Italy" Kudryavtseva, . the "Latin Empire" Medovikova and t,
. n.). The disproportion between what is printed Granovsky, and what he could do, it becomes especially sensitive when to pay attention to the various work plans, which he was and which was prepared during his lifetime. Besides the purely scientific work, he undertook work on the textbook of universal history, but managed to make only the first chapter, giving excellent characteristics of peoples and epochs, and outlining general historical relationship between the development. Much of what Granovsky did not have time to do, due to conditions of time and characteristics of Granovsky. He was surrounded by many and sincere friends, and was one of the principal figures in the spiritual movement, which marked the "forties". This life is a constant exchange of ideas and opinions with the best representatives of Russian society absorbed the time and energy engaging in productive teamwork Moscow clubs, . Granovsky lost opportunity to retire and focus for their personal work,
. On his return from abroad he has taken an outstanding position among the young professors westerners Moscow University. No more it did not express an independent authority of science and culture, as opposed to "official" spirit of conceit and half-educated society. Besides, . He spoke out against some of the directions in the best environment: against the worship of reality, . which for a time fell Belinsky and Hegelian right, had to argue against the idealization of the ancient folk culture, . pursued Slavophiles,
. As a fan of Peter the Great, Granovsky did not consider his case completed and fully sympathized with the liberal ideas that swept Western Europe in the thirties and forties. In the historical stock of his thought he had not expected a quick victory and warned against ill-considered outburst: little by little numbered differences in this respect with one of the people close to him - with Herzen. In the mid-forties Herzen joined materialism, Granovsky also defended the right of existence of "romantic" ideals, without which personal and national life seemed incomplete. Abroad of Herzen Granovsky not sympathetic, though very weary terms of contemporary Russian life. Granovsky escaped personal troubles at work, but his spiritual condition during the reaction, followed in 1848, was a serious. He could not find more satisfaction in professorship and had no inclination, . nor the opportunity to go into a purely scientific work, it has long haunted the tides of melancholy and apathy, in the era of the Crimean War, the mood was becoming unbearable, . Granovsky, and are increasingly looking for entertainment in gambling and almost always unsuccessful card game,
. Body Granovsky never differed fortress and he could no longer bear the heavy life struggles. October 4, 1855, Mr.. Granovsky died, 42 years old, after a brief illness. - Collected Works Granovsky has several publications. The main source for his biography is the work of AV. Stankevich, the second edition of which is attached to the correspondence that Granovsky (1897). Wed. Annenkov, "Marvelous Decade" (in "Memoirs and essays, t. III); P. Kudryavtsev, "Childhood and adolescence Granovsky (Russian Messenger" for 1858), Grigoriev, TN. Granovsky up his professorship in Moscow "(" Russian Talks ", 1856). Especially many engaged Granovsky in the past two decades. By this time include books about him and Vetrinskogo Levshina and a number of articles: PG. Vinogradov ( "Russian Thought", 1892), NI. Kareeva (a pamphlet in 1896 and II t. "Collected Works"), R.YU. Wigner ( "God's World", 1905, and in the book "Two intellectuals"), VA. Myakotina ( "From the history of Russian society"), P.N. Milyukova ( "From the history of the Russian intelligentsia"), etc.


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GRANOVSKY Timothy N., photo, biography
GRANOVSKY Timothy N., photo, biography GRANOVSKY Timothy N.  The famous professor of history, photo, biography
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