Sieber, Nikolai Ivanovich

(1844 - 1888) son of a Swiss citizen and malorossiyanki, . native Tauride province, . graduate school at Simferopol and Kiev University, . where he graduated from law school, . then briefly was the world's mediator in the Volyn province,
. In 1871, for his thesis "The theory of value and capital D. Ricardo, in connection with later explanations "(Kiev University Izvestia in 1871," 1 - 2, 4 - 11), received a master's degree of political economy and sent abroad. In 1873, Mr.. University of St. Vladimir elected Sieber Associate Professor in the department of political economy and statistics, but in 1875. He retired and settled in Switzerland, where ever attended his articles in the Russian journals, as well as in the newspaper Russian Gazette. From magazine articles Sieber's most remarkable: "The economic theory of Karl Marx" ( "Knowledge", . 1876, . ? 10, . 12, 1877, . ? 2, "Word", . 1878, . ? 1, . 3, . 9, . 12); "History of the Swiss almendy" (Journal of Europe ", . 1881, . ? 10); "Economic sketches" (Fatherland Notes, . 1880, . ? 12, 1881, . ? 3, . 5, . 6, . 9, . 11, 1882, . ? 4 and 6); "The fate of communal ownership in Switzerland" (Journal of Europe ", . 1882, . ? 7), "The effect of progress on poverty" ( "Russian Thought", . 1883, . ? 9, . 11, . 12); "The distribution of landed property in Germany" ( "Russian Thought", . 1883, . ? 1 and 2), "Social Economy and Law" (Law Gazette, . 1883, . ? 5, . 9 and 10),
. The most famous Sieber delivered above-mentioned essay on "Theories of value, most comprehensive not only in Russian, but also in foreign literature summary of various theories and definitions of value and capital. D. Ricardo, whose name is placed in the title of this work is the only major center, around which are grouped other economists. An extremely highly of Ricardo (the complete works of which, translated into Russian, Sieber has issued a special book in 1882), Sieber at the same time trying to prove a direct continuity between the theories of value, Ricardo and Karl Marx. The latter found himself in a better Sieber interpreter and popularizer of Russian literature. This was reflected particularly in the ardent advocacy of the main works to. Marx's "Capital" from his Russian critics, Guerrier, Chicherina and S. Zhukovsky, as well as in later, the main composition Sieber: "Ricardo and K. Marx in their socio-economic research "(St. Petersburg, 1885). In this book, . which, . to a certain extent, . processing "theory of value", . Sieber more fully depicted the natural evolution of the theory of Ricardo's theory of Marx, . highlighting particularly vividly the development of capitalist production and the experience of the three major phases: the craft, . Manufactory, . factory,
. Thanks mainly to works Sieber, labor theory of value, Ricardo, Marx and the Marxist scheme of economic development obtained in the Russian economic science firm and strong statement of. Most method of exposition and criticism of the theory reveals a vast erudition Sieber, and his outstanding ability to theoretical thinking and creativity. Most of the remaining works Sieber revolves around the same theoretical issues. In "Sketches of primitive economic culture" (1883) Sieber, . using extensive literary material for the description of life different uncivilized peoples and tribes, . as well as historical data and on the primitive state is now cultivated European nations, . makes no attempt of generalization of primitive forms of social life,
. His main attention is focused on economic phenomena, but next to them are covered forms of marriage and family relations, and t. n. of society. The basic idea works is that communal forms of management, in their various stages, are universal forms of economic activity in the early stages of development. Confirmed that consideration of various types and aspects of community economic activities - hunting, fishing, pastoral, farming, work on the scorched forest, irrigation, construction of dwellings. Primitive types and concepts of property and various forms of exchange are also in Sieber's fairly full coverage, as well as the development of socio-professional activities, communities, as well as corporations. Sieber died and was buried in Yalta. V. I.