Raymond Lully

(lat. Lullius, Spanish. Lulio, Catalan. Llull)
(1235, Palme, on. Mallorca - 29.06.1315, Tunisia)
At age 32, left the life of the brilliant court poet, joined the Franciscans and became a missionary. He preached in North Africa, where, according to legend, suffered a martyr's death (he was stoned for preaching the gospel open). The biggest connoisseur of Jewish and Muslim theology, L. was one of the pioneers of European Arabists. From L. remained approximately. 300 essays written gl.obr. in Catalan and Arabic (but often preserved only in lat.perevodah).

L. believed that true knowledge is possible only in the light of revelation. The world for him - a symbol of God in every object reflects the divine "perfection", where the open knowledge of the principles of God in the world. In order to complete such a comprehensive knowledge of L. developed methods for modeling the logical operations, using the symbolic notation of limit concepts (OCH. op. "Great art" - "Ars magna", publ. 1480). This led him to develop the first logical machine and made one of the predecessors of combinatorial methods in the logic. He attributed many alchemical writings, but they are not written to them. Moreover, he condemned alchemy as false and immoral art. Thus L. believed in astrology and studied its. In the "New treatise on astronomy" ( "Tractatus novus de astronomia", 1297), studying the astrological influence of Saturn, L. came to the conclusion that people born under this planet, among other features, will be ponderously serious, superstitious by nature, is hard work and build big buildings, will seek to occupy positions. In the same treatise L. devoted many pages to listing the various combinations of planets in signs as beneficial or unfortunate. He claimed that the sky animated moving, circulating soul, or spirit, and believed that astrologers recognize in their judgments that soul heaven cause events in our sublunary world. In his book on medicine and astronomy "(" de medicina et astronomia ") L. developed the original concept of two astrological celestial circles of 8 houses in each.

In 1994. astrological treatise L. was published in English under the project "Hindsight".

Selected works:
Opera omnia. T. 1.8. - Mainz, 1721-1742.
Opera. T. 1.10. - Frankfurt am Main, 1965.
Treatise on Astronomy. / Transl. K. Shapar. Ed. R. Hand. - Berkeley Springs, West Virginia: Golden Hind Press, 1994.
Literature:
1. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Philosophy.
2. Thorndike L. A History of Magic and Experimental Science during the First Thirteen Centuries of Our Era. Vol. II.
3. Vladimir Solovyov. Lully. / / Christianity. Collegiate Dictionary.