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Vaclav Havel (Havel Vclav)

( President of the Czech)

Comments for Vaclav Havel (Havel Vclav)
Biography Vaclav Havel (Havel Vclav)
(p. 1936)
Born October 5, 1936 in Prague. He worked as an assistant laboratory technician and studied in the evening high school. Later he became a stagehand and assistant director of the theater, he studied dramatic arts at the Prague Academy of Motion Picture Arts. In 1963 the theater 'On Zabradli' ( 'Under the sails') in Prague, Havel's first play set - garden party. In 1965, to put a Memorandum - caustic satire on the bureaucracy.
After 1968 Havel's plays were banned in Czechoslovakia, but were placed on many European stages. In 1969, Havel has received the Austrian State Prize for Literature. In January 1977, more than 500 Czechoslovak intellectuals signed 'Charter 77', a declaration to abide by the Helsinki agreement on human rights. Havel was subjected to house arrest, and his essay Authorities powerless to appeal to the people 'to live in truth' and the work of the Committee of protection of persecuted unjustly caused prison (1979-1983). In 1983 in Czechoslovakia illegally appeared that Havel's essay Letters to Olga, who later repeatedly issued abroad. Havel continued to write plays, in particular, the most widely known of his great play havoc (Largo Desolato, 1985).

In 1989, Havel was subjected to another, 'precautionary' arrest. After the liberation of occupied key positions in the movement Civic Forum - the leading force of the democratic opposition. After the 'velvet revolution' beginning of December was elected president of Czechoslovakia on Dec. 29, 1989, and July 5, 1990 re-elected for two years during the first free elections

. Civic Forum was subjected to cleaning in the course of the detailed rules of the company, when former members of the secret police and bureaucrats have used falsified police records to remove the most active leaders of the reformers' first 'call'
. The Prague government was headed by V. Klaus, an economist, who declined at the time to sign a 'Charter-77', but then actively speaking in support of corporate capitalism. Politics sweeping privatization has caused massive unemployment in Slovakia, where Vladimir Meciar put forward a separatist demands. Neither Havel, neither Meciar did not have sufficient support of the electorate. In July 1992 the Slovak deputies vetoed the re-election of Havel. Faced with the inevitability of the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, Havel resigned as president, without waiting for the formal end of his term. In January 1993, was elected president of the newly formed Czech Republic.

In late 1996, Havel was operated on the lungs, and it seemed that he would not participate in regular elections. Nevertheless, Havel put his candidacy for the presidency and was elected to a second five-year term in January 1998.


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