Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock (Klopstock Friedrich Gottlieb)

(1724-1803)
Born July 2, 1724 in Quedlinburg near the Harz. During training in a famous private school Shulpforte began an epic Messiah (Der Messias, tt. 1-4, 1748-1773). In 1745-1748 he studied theology and philology at Jena and Leipzig, was fond of Horace, Dzh.Miltonom and E. Jung. After the publication of the first three songs of the Messiah in 1748 in the journal 'The Bremen materials' became the leader of the Leipzig young writers who have devoted several friendly odes. Love to his cousin, Mary, Sophie Schmidt, inspired his ode to the Fanny. The most famous of them, Lake Zurich (Der Zrichersee), was written in Zurich (1750), where he was staying at the leading critic of the new poetic school IY Bodmer. After the break with Bodmer Klopstock went to Copenhagen, where he lived in 1751-1770, using the friendships of the Danish Minister of Count Bernstorff and receiving a scholarship from the Danish King Frederik V. After the fall of Bernstorff (1770) Klopstock lived in Hamburg, where he died March 14, 1803.
Religiosity Klopstock has found expression in the plays Death of Adam (Der Tod Adams, 1757), Solomon (Salomo, 1764) and David (David, 1772). Ardent patriotism performed his ode (as well as the glorification of Herman (Arminia Bielefeld), . Chief Cherusci, . has caused the defeat of Roman legions), . in unactable, . with choral interludes, . Battle plays Herman (Hermanns Schlacht, . 1769), . Herman and princes (Hermann und die Frsten (1784) and Death of Hermann (Hermanns Tod, . 1787),
. Plays extremely overloaded 'Teutonic' own mythology, klopshtokovskogo invention. A passionate fighter for national and political freedom, . He welcomed the young North American republic and the French Revolution (the States-General - Die tats gnraux, . 1788, . and they, . not we! - Sie und nicht wir!, . 1789), . but turned away from the latter during the Jacobin terror,
. Beloved youth, . believing in its mission 'teacher of the Germans', . Klopstock wrote a set of laws for the organization of literary life in the German republic of scientists (Die deutsche Gelehrtenrepublik, . 1774), . as well as the rules of the unsuccessful reform of the spelling and grammar in the article on language and poetry (ber Sprache und Dichtkunst).,