NOX John (Knox John)

(1505-1572)
Born into a peasant family in Haddingtone (Scotland). Date of birth is extremely unreliable, there are arguments in favor of the three dates - 1505, 1513 and 1515. Knox was in elementary school in Haddingtone, and later at the University of Glasgow and St Andrews (or both). He was preparing to take dignity priest, but after the death of George Wishart, burnt at the stake (1546), sided with the Protestants and led the anti-Catholic party in Scotland. In July 1547 he was captured by the French after the fall of the castle of Saint Andrews and stayed at hard labor until February 1549. Without a doubt, Edward VI and Lord Protector, Duke of Somerset, have contributed to his release and return to England after a brief stay in Geneva. He was appointed a royal chaplain (1551) and participated in the revision of public worship Books (1552). Refused to accept the bishop in 1552 and actively opposed the use of Catholic forms of worship
. Throughout most of the reign of Mary Tudor (1553-1558) Knox stayed in Switzerland, . liaised with the European reformers, . coming in as a priest in English Protestant communities of emigrants in Frankfurt and Geneva, and served as adviser to Scotland's 'Lord of the Congregation' (a group of Protestant lords, . united in the anti-Catholic Congregation),
. In 1559 he returned to Scotland.

His strict Calvinism, zealous advocacy of the Puritan worship and behavior, love of the Presbyterian form of church devices were necessary composing the victory of Protestants. In 1566 the foundations were laid Scottish disciplinarian: while Knox contributed invalidation of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland, . approval of the Scottish profession in the Scottish Parliament and the adoption of the first book of church organization and liturgy Knox first General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church has recently emerged,
. Trudy Knox include trumpet against the monstrous government of Women (Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women, . 1558), . A treatise on predestination (Treatise on Predestination, . 1560), . History of the Reformation in Scotland (History of the Reformation in Scotland, . published in 1664),
.

In the seven years reign of Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, Knox, with earnest devotion to the new church, joined the battle with the Catholic empress. That struggle ended with the triumph of the reformer, when Mary had disavowed in 1567. Knox died on Nov. 24, 1572 in Edinburgh.