Charles Edward Stuart (Charles Edward Stuart)

(1720-1788)
Also known as the Young Chevalier, the handsome Prince Charlie and the youngest applicant. Born December 31, 1720 in Rome, at the baptism received the name of Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir. Because of the differences between the mother and father ( 'Senior Applicant', son of James II), Prince has not received systematic education. In 1743 during the War of Austrian Succession, King Louis XV of France persuaded Charles to lead the French invasion of England, promising to help him return the Stuarts the British throne. Storms at Sea and the emergence of a strong British navy foiled this plan. Not having received the promised assistance of the French side, Charles, losing patience, sailed July 13, 1745 and August 3 landed on the islands of the Hebrides. August 19, he raised a rebellion, September 17, with a detachment of 2400 men took Edinburgh and 21 September won a battle with government troops in Prestonpanse.
Then Charles with a detachment of 5500 men went to England. In the Derby two Jacobites resisted British Army. Officers Charles, soberly assess the correlation of forces, December 6, forced him to take a decision on the retreat. Charles returned to the Highlands, where fighting with the British forces under the command of the Duke of Cumberland, was defeated at the Battle of Kalodene April 16, 1746. Jacobites were defeated, Charles, after several months of hazardous journey through the Scots managed to reach the shores of France on Sept. 20, 1746.

Banished in 1748 from France (in terms Ahenskogo peace treaty), it is five years did not appear in public. During this period, Charles secretly visited London (1750), where he took Anglican. In 1772, Charles married Princess Louise Stolbergskoy. In 1780, Louise ran away from her husband's drunken debauchery, and in 1784 the marriage was formally dissolved. Since 1785, Charles lived in Florence and Rome, where he died January 31, 1788. His daughter by his mistress Clementina Walkinshaw - illegitimate Charlotte - became the Duchess of Albany.