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Chicherin Georgy

( Soviet party and state leader and diplomat.)

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Biography Chicherin Georgy
Chicherin Georgy (1872, with. The guard of the Tambov Province. - 1936, Moscow) - cos. desks. and State. , diplomat. Genus. a noble family, a nephew of B. N. Chicherin. As a child, was seriously engaged in music, fond of history. After graduating from high school with a gold medal Chicherin brilliantly completed education at the historical filolgicheskom f-cho Petersburg, Zap, and went to journey abroad. In 1898, on the advice of his uncle, Chicherin enlisted in the State. and St. Petersburg, the main archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, where he participated in writing the History of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, was working on a biography п?.п?. Gorchakov, to-Rui never completed, but gained a solid knowledge of the history of our diplomacy. Understanding Sots. lit-swarm, sympathy roar. minded friends and technical assistance made Chicherin stay in St. Petersburg unsafe. In 1904 he left Russia legally, hoping to explore the Social-Democratic movement in the West for future use that experience at home. He lived in Germany, France, England. Speaking with the roar. emigration, was close to the SR, then to the Mensheviks, was under the influence of G. V. Plekhanov and was taken note of a foreign bureau of the Police Department. In 1905 became a member of Chicherin RSDLP was rich, to provide continued financial support of the Party. He was engaged in journalism, was a member of the Central Bureau RSDLP Abroad, was a member of the British Socialist. parties and others. organizations Sots. orientation. Since the beginning of World War Chicherin gained fame as the Menshevik Internationalist. In 1917, Ross worked as a secretary. delegate committee to facilitate the return of emigrants to their homeland. Was imprisoned in an English prison for his anti-war propaganda and communication with the enemy ". In 1918 was exchanged for the British Ambassador in Tsarist Russia D. Buchanan and returned to Russia. By joining the RSDLP (b), Chicherin first actually, and then formally headed by the Foreign Office. He participated in the signing of the Brest Peace (1918), led the joint. delegation at Genoa (1922) and Lausanne (1922 - 1923), signed a treaty with Germany Rappalsky. Allocated to educational attainment, excellent linguistic abilities (explained in all European and some Asian languages), obsessed with work and had no family, Chicherin actually lived in the People's Commissariat. He believed in the coming world roar. and was fanatically devoted to the communist idea, but the contradictions between the actions of the Comintern, ready to export roar. and the need to establish normal relations with other countries led to an internal contradiction. Shortly before the resignation Chicherin finished his book. about Mozart ( "I had a revolution ...", and Mozart - he wrote at the end of life). Serious illness Chicherina, almost two years of treatment abroad were not the only reason for his resignation in 1930. Chicherin and Stalin did not like each other, but, tk. Chicherin never aspired to power, Stalin had always treated him fairly discreetly, which is not the K.E. Voroshilov, MI. Kalinin etc.. "labor leaders". Chicherin began to fight with people who aspired to the leadership of the People's Commissariat to fight with the f-eq y Chicherina was neither the desire nor the forces.

Used materials kn.: Shikman A.P. Figures of national history. Biographical Directory. Moscow, 1997.


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Chicherin Georgy (12.11.1872, village guard is Kirsanov district of Tambov - 7/7/1936, Moscow), statesman. Nephew of the famous historian and lawyer BN. Chicherin. Educated at the historical-philological faculty of St. Petersburg University (1896). From 1897 he served in the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the titular councilor. In 1904 he emigrated to Germany, lived on the money inherited from his mother, a lot of financial help party. In 1905 joined the RSDLP, Menshevik. Since 1907, the Secretary of the Central Bureau RSDLP Abroad. In January. 1,908 deported from Germany for subversive activities, went to France. In 1914 he moved to London, worked with the British Socialist Party and the Social-democratic newspaper "The Voice". In 1917 the secretary of the delegate committee "for the return of political exiles in Russia. In August 1917 arrested by British authorities and imprisoned in Brixton. 3/1/1918 at the request of the Soviet government (for which it issued from the country of the British Ambassador D. Buchanan) released and deported to Russia, where he joined the RSDLP (b). On 29.1.1918 Deputy. Commissar for Foreign Affairs and at the same time 24.2.1918 chief negotiator at Brest-Litovsk. Sign the Brest peace Germany, Austria-Hungary and their allies. March 13 Chicherin became "interim deputy. Commissar ", and finally succeeded L.D 30/5/1918. Trotsky's position on the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the RSFSR. Trying to withdraw from the international isolation of the RSFSR, in 1921 signed contracts with Iran, Turkey and Afghanistan. To use diplomatic means to maintain the Bolshevik propaganda abroad. Soon came into conflict with F.E. Dzerzhinsky and the Cheka, speaking against the very cause of their working methods, in t.ch. against the arrests of foreigners. Supervised the Soviet delegation at Genoa (1922) and Lausanne (1922-23) Conferences. In 1922 he signed the Treaty of Rapallo with Germany. Celibate and ascetic, fanatic, Chicherin lived like a hermit in the People's Commissariat. Polyglot, said almost all European languages. In July 1923, when on the basis of his Commissariat was established the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs of the USSR, Chicherin became its first Commissar. Since 1925 member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b). Great difficulties in Chicherina were related to the fact that the Soviet leadership at the expense of international relations is steadily growing support for the Comintern, aimed at provoking revolutions in foreign countries. At the end of 1920. have Chicherina intensified diabetes and polyneuritis (inflammation of the nerve trunks, . causing severe pain, . most often occurs on the basis of alcoholism), . actually due to pain and progressive mental disorder in 1928 he could no longer perform the duties Commissar and 21.7.1930 replaced as commissar MM,
. Litvinov, fired on a pension, and soon removed from the Central. Sam Chicherin wanted to see his successor VV. Kuibyshev, and Litvinova, who claimed that Chicherin gay and crazy and hated. In his political testament, wrote that interfere with normal operation of a drug addict first party cleaning, social work, squabbles, intrigues, denunciations.

To use material from the book.: Zaleski KA. Stalin's empire. Biographical Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow, Veche, 2000


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Chicherin Georgy (12 Nov.. 1872, with. The guard at Kirsanov. Tambov Province. - July 7, 1936, Moscow). From the family of a retired diplomat, descendant of an old noble family: nephew B. N. Chicherina, historian, philosopher, lawyer. In 1895 he graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology. Faculty of Petersburg. Zap. He served in the State. and S-Petersburg. ch. Foreign archives. At the turn of the century became friendly with decomp. roar. parties, providing them with services techn. nature.

Because of the threat of arrest in the early. 1904 he went abroad, remaining numbered with the Foreign Ministry archive. He lived in Germany, on receipt of information from the Berlin police on his roar. activities in Germany in 1908 was dismissed from service. Tsp. RSDLP since 1905, member. Berlin section of the Bolsheviks. Since January. 1907 secretary. Zagray. Office (ZTSB) RSDLP. Having obtained by inheritance big Den. resources, to provide permanent finance. help parties. From 1908 belonged to the pro-Party Mensheviks. Lived in Germany and France, participated in the Socialist. parties. In the 1 st world. war "internationalist". In 1915 in London, one of the organizers and secretary. K-ta help rus. politkatorzhanam and Exiles; tsp. Brit. Sots. party.

After the February. Revolution of 1917, Chapter. secretary. Ros. delegate committee in London, handles the despatch of political refugees in Russia. Conducted antivoen. propaganda: the spring in the social. printing revealed the true purpose of the delegation sent to Russia Brit. Professor. leaders (supporters of the continuation of the war). In August. sent a telegram ACCESSED. pr-woo to decide a protest against attempts to prevent the return of the Bolsheviks. August 22. arrested by British authorities for antivoen. advocacy and communication with the enemy "(together with the germ. internationalists - the members of the communist. club in London). 28 Nov.. The Soviet Commissariat of Foreign Affairs sent a note to the British Government to demand the release of Chicherin. January 3, 1918 release.

January 6. 1918 arrived in Petrograd. Entry into RSDLP (b). January 8. appointed Comrade. People's Commissar for Foreign. cases, actually led the Commissariat, tk. L.D. Trotsky was in Brest-Litovsk negotiations with Germany. January 10. at the opening of the 3rd All-Russia. Congress of Soviets RSKD with information on the Intern. Sots. Traffic and policies of the Entente. January 29. decision SNK Chicherin as time. Deputy. Commissar Commissar of Foreign transferred powers. Affairs. 24 Feb.. owls head. delegation at the peace negotiations with Germany on March 3 participated in the signing of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. March 13 appointed i.o. People's Commissar for Foreign. Affairs. March 14, informed delegates of 4-th All-Russia. Congress of Soviets on the process of concluding the Brest Peace. On May 30, 1918 People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the RSFSR (in 1923-30 - the USSR)


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