Ernst Toller (Toller)( German writer, poet and playwright)
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Biography Ernst Toller (Toller)
Toller, Ernst (Toller), (1893-1939), German writer, poet and playwright. Born Dec. 1, 1893 in Zamotshine (now Zamosc, Poland), the son of a Jewish shopkeeper. He studied in Grenoble, then in Heidelberg and Munich. Participant 1-st World War II, volunteered for the army, and later organized the strike to end the war. After the war, participated in the revolutionary movement in Bavaria, was elected president of the Bavarian Soviet Republic. After the suppression of the revolution, was sentenced to 5 years in prison, wrote "Requiem for the murdered brothers" (1920), "Poems of prisoners" (1921), a few dramas in t. h. "The mass-man" (1921), centered on the problem of relation between goals and means of revolutionary struggle.
Most of the plays Toller noted deep concern for the working man in capitalist society, as well as the horrors of war. He liberally used in his art expressionist methods. His pen belong to drama: "People-robots" (1922), "Hopplya we live" (1927), "Down with the truce!" (1936), "Pastor Hall" (1939). After the Nazis came to power Toller books were burned, and he was deprived of his nationality germanskogo. He emigrated to the United States, where he participated in anti-Nazi movement, and published the autobiographical notes "Youth in Germany" (1933). In a state of depression, committed suicide in New York on May 22, 1939.
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