Piotr Fyodorovich Anjou

Piotr Fyodorovich Anjou was born in a family physician from the Most High Volochko. Was determined to study at the Naval Cadet Corps. He was second on the educational outcomes for their course after F. Wrangel. Upon emerging from the shell of Anjou and Wrangell have been sent to Revel (Tallinn). In the summer of 1816, both sailed on the frigate "Avtroil".

At the end of December 1818 the head of the Admiralty G. A. Sarychev, . representing the Minister of Marine Research Program, . drew attention to the, . that to the east of New Siberia, . v. Cape Shelagskogo, . "on conviction of the Chukchi, . is land, . inhabited by wild people, . and that this land can be described in the spring of dogs on the ice in the same way, . been described as New Siberia ",
. The government has equipped Kolyma and Jц?nskц? expedition to search for and descriptions of land, lying north of the Yana and Kolyma.

Kolyma detachment headed Wrangell, Jansky - Anjou. Jц?nskц? expedition was to describe the New Siberian Islands and find out whether to continue the New Siberia "on and whether there is near its other lands".

March 20, both the detachment left St. Petersburg and in the early summer had reached Irkutsk. June 25 troops went to Kachug, where they awaited a large pram. Both of the expedition went down the Lena River and July 25 reached Yakutsk.

In early August, the path expeditions Anjou and Wrangell diverged. Order Anjou continued on his way down the Lena. Travelers made it safely to the Ust-Jansky, town, located almost at the shores of the Arctic Ocean. In March 1821, the expedition moved on deer in the road to the mouth of the Lena, from Anjou and his companions headed to the north-east to the island Stolbovoi. On the shores of the island they found many wooden crosses, set about two hundred years ago, the Cossacks, explorers.

Upon reaching the southern coast of the island Kotelny, the expedition was divided into two parties. One was to do a description of the island Faddeev. Anjou undertook an inventory of the island boiler room.

April 5, 1821 Anjou, interrupting his studies, went in search of Earth Sannikova. The path of the expedition lay in the north-west, on the ice ocean. Frost, winds, blizzards and added new obstacles - mounds, cracks, polynyas. Finally, from the top of the high hummock travelers make out the contours of the unknown island. It seemed a few more hours of travel - and the expedition set foot on the ground, the vision Sannikov. Already could see some rocks, oddly colored rays of the sun. Nobody doubted that the share of the expedition fell a remarkable discovery, and all congratulated each other with success.

. But it soon became clear that the travelers are a victim mirage: there were no mountains, no unknown land - nothing but a bizarre accumulation of ice blocks.

. At this time, Anjou is located 70 miles north-west of the island boiler, ie in the very spot where he had seen the mysterious land of Jacob Sannikov
. Detachment retreated. The next day, Anjou and his companions set foot on solid ground.

April 12 Anjou, met with a detachment of Elijah Careful, who successfully conducted an inventory of the coast Faddeev and boiler. But he found Earth Sannikova.

After a brief rest expedition went north to search for unknown islands. Anjou intended to reach the island of New Siberia, and from there take the new quest Sannikov Land. After the ice through the Strait of Annunciation, Anjou and his companions went to the Cape High. But here they lay in wait for failure: a short distance from the shore could see the open sea with floating ice fields.

Reaching Cape pockmarked the north-eastern side of the island and making sure that the sea in this area is covered with solid ice, the expedition made one more attempt to find Earth Sannikova. But, passing to the north-east of New Siberia, about 25 miles, Anjou ordered to return. 8 May 1821 the expedition returned in Ust-Jansky.

Autumn and winter of Anjou spent in preparation for the new campaign. With the onset of Visible Light Anjou ordered the navigator's assistant Ilyin make an inventory of the Arctic coast between the rivers Yana and Olenek. The main part of the expedition went to the New Siberian Islands and farther to the north of them.

February 28 Anjou and sensitivity emerged in the campaign. At the disposal of the expedition was 156 dogs, sledges pulled by 12. Food supplies were taken for two months.

Soon they saw the island. But he is not lying to the north, which ought to be Sannikov Land, and in front of the. Island had the appearance of a trapezoid. The length of its biggest on the northern side was about four miles. On its banks stood washed up piles plavnichnogo forests. The islands were named after explorer-naturalist Alexis Figurina.

A few days moved on fast ice. Reaching its northern edge, they turned to the west. The ice underfoot varied markedly. How thoroughly examined nor Anjou horizon to the north and north-west, signs of the earth did not open. Then Anjou turned to the island of boiler. In late March, the expedition moved to the island of Faddeev and began the survey of western and southern coasts.

After working at the New Siberia, Anjou went looking for land that Jacob Sannikov seen to the north-east of the island. But the search was unsuccessful. Together with Wrangel Anjou returned to Nizhnekolymsk.

In the autumn of Anjou and his companions continued their inventory of the Lena River to the settlement Zhigansk and mapped the mouth Indigirka.

The work of the expedition had been completed. At stake was inflicted on the northern coast of Asia River to Olenyok Indigirka, . Lena explored at length, . made an inventory Semenovski, . Basil, . Bel'kovskoe, . Kotelny, . Faddeev, . Big and Small Liakhovskii Islands, . as well as the islands of New Siberia and the Earth Bunge, . is on the map Anjou shown in outline close to the modern,
. Anjou found that the sea north of the New Siberian Islands is not restricted to giant land, because in the absence of tides near the Kolyma River at that time have seen a proof of existence in the north of "mainland".

In St. Petersburg, Anjou and Wrangell took Alexander I, admiring a feat of researchers. Then Anjou given a new appointment. He had been assigned to the detachment of Colonel F. F. Berg, who was instructed to inspect Kirghiz steppes of north-eastern coast of the Caspian Sea to the western shores of the Aral Sea and to find out if they can connect channels.

. In November 1825 Anjou arrived in Uralsk, and soon I was on the march
. The detachment was accompanied by about a thousand carts with food, a flock of sheep and oxen and two hundred camels.

Reaching the Dead Kultuk the Caspian Sea, the expedition turned east. The more she moved to the Aral Sea, the lower the temperature fell. Especially suffered from the cold, soldiers and Cossacks, spent the night right on the snow. Several deaths, many were sick, falling horses and camels. Six weeks later the squad reached the Aral Sea. It was covered with ice, so he had brought for hundreds of miles the vessel proved to be unnecessary. The researchers conducted an inventory of the coast.

About three months the expedition traveled to the snowy steppes of the Kirghiz.

Returning from a hike to the Aral Sea, Anjou was awarded the Order of Anna 2 nd degree and was assigned to the ship "Gangut". In October 1827 Anjou took part in the Battle of Navarino with the Turks. He was wounded in the head, but did not leave his post before the end of battle.

Forty years of life gave Anjou service in the Naval Department. Free time on sea voyages, he devoted the compilation of notes on their puteschestviyah on the islands and shores of Siberia, the desolate steppes of the Kirghiz. Unfortunately, his notes were burned during the fire. Run again great work he has already failed.

P. F. Anjou died Nov. 12, 1849, being in the rank of admiral.

The greatest scientists, among them Humboldt, seen in the works of famous masters of Wrangel and Anjou "outstanding achievements in the study of terrestrial magnetism, climate, polar auroras, ice, water, flora and fauna.