Carl SHORLEMMER

SHORLEMMER, Carle (Schorlemmer, Carl) (1834-1892), German chemist. Born September 30, 1834 in Darmstadt. Graduated from the Higher trade school, worked as a pharmacist. In 1853 he moved to Heidelberg, where he worked in a pharmacy, and in his free time attending lectures on chemistry at Heidelberg University, who read R. Bunsen. Having decided to study chemistry, he entered in 1858 in Gisensky University. By its end in 1859 moved to England, where he earned a place as assistant to Roscoe G., a student of Bunsen, in Ouenz College in Manchester. In 1874 became the first in England, Professor of Organic Chemistry.
Major work Shorlemmera devoted to general problems of organic chemistry and synthesis of the simplest hydrocarbons. Shorlemmer investigated distillates of coal and oil (1862-1863), showed that saturated hydrocarbons can be considered as a basis for the formation of all other classes of organic compounds. The work came to the determination of organic chemistry as the 'chemistry of hydrocarbons and their derivatives'. Based on these findings, rebuilt all the systematics of organic compounds and created on its basis, "Textbook of carbon compounds" (Lehrbuch der Kohlenstoffverbindungen, 1872), which went through three editions. In 1864, established the identity of etilvodoroda (C2H5-H) and dimethyl (CH3-CH3), substances with similar molecular masses that were considered at that time, different compounds. This led him to conclude about the identity of all four valences of carbon and forced reconsideration of the different affinity of carbon atoms. Among other achievements of the scientist - the study of complex transformations of dyes aurin in rozanilin and triphenyl-n-rozanilin (1879).

In 1871 Shorlemmer was elected a member of the Royal Society of London. Died Shorlemmer in Manchester June 27, 1892.