ALPERS Boris

ALPERS, Boris Vladimirovich (1894-1974), Russian theatrical critic, educator. Doctor of Art (1946), Professor GITIS (1943). Born on 11 (23) March 1894 in the village. Engineers Novonikolaevsk (now Novosibirsk): in the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway participated Alpersa father, the economist, who arrived from St. Petersburg. In 1912 in the life Alpersa entered the theater - through Vs.E.Meyerholda, with whom he met and made friends at high school graduation class, although he was older than twenty years. 1913 Alpersa, a law student of St. Petersburg University (1913-1918), Meyerhold invited to his studio at Borodino Street. Two years Alpers was secretary Studios, then the magazine 'The Love for Three Oranges', published by Meyerhold. From Meyerhold linked considerable time Alpersa life, first in St. Petersburg, and then, during the Civil War, in Novorossiysk.

In the October 1917 revolution Alpers aware of the theater as one of the most effective ways to 'develop a new outlook'. In 1921 he worked in the Petrograd Theater Society and the Political Education Departments, but then director Ligovsky folk theater, then artistic director of Theater of the New Drama (1921-1924). The spring of 1924 at the invitation of Meyerhold's going to Moscow in the Theater of the Revolution, . which manages the literary section (1924-1927), . which becomes a sort of laboratory experiments, innovative young playwrights (AM Faiko, . BS Romashov, . V.N.Bill-Belotserkovsky, . Vladimir Vishnevsky, . NA Zarkhi, etc.),
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In 1920-1930-ies Alpers - standing critic of drama, theater and cinema, is engaged in scientific work. In the late 1920's published several monographs, t.ch. Theater of the Revolution, in 1931 published the world-famous book Alpersa about Meyerhold Theater of social masks ".

For more theoretical generalizations Alpers always proceeded from the particular, private. Thus, from the introduction to the anthology of mastery of the actor (1935) was born of his major work "Actor's Art in Russia" (1945). Review 1957 performance at the Maly Theater in 1970 grew into a major study of creativity AN Ostrovsky " 'The heart is not rock' and later Ostrovsky, . and from the preface to the early edition of the plays Bill-Belotserkovsky (1934) there was work "Bill-Belotserkovsky and Theater 20-ies" (1969),


. In the 1940's articles, . public speeches, , . from 1939 to GITIS) of Chekhov's dramaturgy, . on the new theater, . prevailing at the turn of 19-20 centuries., . developed the theme in drama, . which will form the substance of his later works, . as "Years of artistic wanderings Stanislavsky", . V. Komissarzhevskaya "and others,
. The idea that the researcher dramatic art should be primarily a historian of social psychology, is one of the leading motives of his articles, "Babanova and theatrical time," "The Creative Path of the Second Moscow Art Theater", etc..

In the late 1960's "The Fate of theatrical trends, as much earlier in the article" Fifteen years of Soviet theater, Alpers, predicted that the creation of 'original style' lies in the way of the organic convergence of MAT and Meyerhold's system.

Prepared by the author of two volumes "Theatrical Essays" (1977) consisted of 1920-1970, provided the spiritual evolution of people of his generation.

Alpers died in Moscow on September 7, 1974.