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Luis de Camoes APWA

( Portuguese poet)

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Biography Luis de Camoes APWA
Camoes, Luis de APWA (Cames, Luiz Vaz de) (c.. 1524-1580), Portuguese poet. The events of his life, is closely intertwined with events of national history, formed the basis of his poetry. History of Portugal the time - is the tragedy of the country, for which the short term illusory grandeur of a world empire gave way to shame the crushing military defeats and the loss of national independence.

Presumably Camö?es was born in Lisbon and Coimbra, studied at Coimbra until 1542, when he moved to Lisbon. Moved in circles close to the court, and initially was well received, but then his unbridled temper and rashness he created a lot of trouble. This period of life marked by an unrequited love for the queen's maid of honor. In love lyric Camoes name of this lady, Catherine de Ataide, was hidden in the anagram Natersiya.

His disgrace Camö?es explained intrigues of envious, though that was partly to blame his lack of restraint in the behavior and insulting remarks about the ruling dynasty. Comedy "Auto of King Seleucus" (Auto d'el Rei Seleuco, publ. 1645) contain an explicit allusion to King Manuel, otbivshego bride's son-Prince, later King Joö¸o III. In 1547 Camö?es volunteered in the army and went to serve in Ceuta (Morocco), where one of the skirmishes with the natives lost an eye. Upon his return to Lisbon (1549) posited it did not receive remuneration for their service and gave vent to their anger, rowdy on the streets. In one drunken fights seriously wounded Gonö¿alo Borges, a nobleman from the retinue of the king, and was jailed. Forgiveness King received only re-entered the army in March 1553 sailed in Goa (India), where he returned to his homeland after 17 years.

In the East, fate threw him from the shores of the Red Sea to Macau, where he lived for two years, was accused of embezzlement and sent to the court back in Goa. Kamoenta ship was shipwrecked in the Gulf of Tonkin, and Camö?es, as legend has it, escaped by swimming, the water holding the manuscript of his poem "Lusiad". Reaching Goa, once again found himself in jail. Further wanderings took him to Sofalu on the east coast of Africa, where he spent another two years, with no means to get home.

Returning to his homeland (1570), Camö?es finished the poem and received a pension from King Sebastian. The last months of his life were overshadowed by the news of the death in 1578 the king and all his troops at the Battle of Alcacer-Kibirev in northern Africa, in Morocco. Camö?es died before the fall of Portugal, annexed in 1580 by Philip II of Spain.

Greatest creation Camoes - the epic poem "Lusiad" (Os Lusadas, 1572). Its hero, the author's thoughts were all the Portuguese who superhuman exertion of forces crossed the vast expanses of sea and land, are not caused by a single card, bringing the world the true faith and create a great empire. 'Lusiad' means 'sons of the Lusitania', the descendants of the mythical founder of Luza, son (or other) of Bacchus, ie. 'Portuguese'. A common mistake is to translate the name of the poem as 'Lusiad', modeled on the classic epic "Iliad" or the "Aeneid".

Poetic talent Camoes was inherently deeply Portuguese, lyrical rather than epic. The poem, apparently following the canons of the Aeneid of Virgil, the style of the song, not a heroic epic, despite its size (1102 octave, combined in 10 chapters). Each chapter ( 'song'), finds himself in an episode of the long voyage of Vasco da Gama (a distant relative of Camö?es) in India around Africa. As in the classic examples, . followed by the author, . the fate of people depend on the intrigues of the gods: Bacchus counteracts the Lusitania, . fear, . what, . reached India, . they are overshadowed by his own glory; Venus, . opposite, . protects them, . Considering, . that the Portuguese - a worthy heir of the imperial grandeur, . valor and the language of the Romans so loved it,
. Mythology and built on her picture of the cosmos, . one hand, . and lush nature gives the Portuguese places, . another, . give the author an opportunity to create the wealth of rare poetic fancy work, . abundance of verbal ornaments resembling fanciful Portuguese Gothic,
. Sometimes exquisitely sensuous fabric woven epic poem motives: so, . after feast, . who waited for sailors on the Island of Love, . something akin to a mythical Arcadia, . nymph ushers them on future endeavors of those heroes, . would follow the Vasco da Gama, . and this episode, . as well as the interweaving of the acts of mortal and immortal gods pioneers, . Camoes gives rise to reaffirm its faith in the great historical mission of Portugal,
. The same purpose are emerging in the text of the poem the images of almost all the heroes of Portuguese history - from shepherd Viriatu, . lead the struggle against the Romans, . to prematurely deceased King Sebastian, . and the story about the military exploits, . committed by Vasco da Gama and his sailors in the service of African King Malindi,
.

As for the literary merit of the poem, the Camö?es demonstrated in her very deep knowledge of the traditions of antiquity and the Renaissance, which he expertly combined with the characteristic of Portuguese poetry, tunefulness. This renaissance octave, . mastered the previous generation of Portuguese poets, headed by Sa de Miranda, . was in the hands of Camoes sensitive tool, . able to change the tone and the internal rhythm so, . as required by the theme of the passage or the internal logic of the image,
. Of these elements, connected by a common high-minded way of Portugal, Camö?es and created his poem, a recognized masterpiece of Portuguese literature.

Peru belong to the Camoes comedy of antique subjects "Auto on Amphitryon" (Auto dos Amfitries, publ. 1587) and mentioned "Auto of King Seleucus, and comedy for knightly theme" Auto of Filodemu "(Auto de Filodemo, publ. 1587). These works are not too original, but written in beautiful poetry, besides the first of them sound alternately two languages - Spanish and Portuguese. And perhaps the best embodiment of the poetic gift is not found in Camoes's epic poem, and a large number of works created by small forms - odes, elegy, eclogue, songs and especially the sonnets. All the joys and tragedies of his eventful life, refracted through the complex prism of his tumultuous experiences are reflected in these works. In their poetic Strohe impressed a number of influences, most popular songs, but also come from Italy 'sweet new style'. Creativity Camoes are unevenly, . but those of his sonnets, . as' O, . immaculate soul, . so soon ... ' (On the death Natersii) or 'I remember on the bank of the Euphrates: ", . paraphrase of Psalm 136 King David's 'By the rivers of Babylon ...', . Law are among the best, . that has ever been created in the Portuguese language,
.

Died Camö?es in Lisbon, June 10, 1580.


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