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Berthollet, Claude-Louis

( French chemist)

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Biography Berthollet, Claude-Louis
(December 9, 1748 - 1822)
He first used chlorine for bleaching paper and textiles, opened hypochlorites of alkali metals and potassium chlorate (bertolletovu salt ") (1788)
. French chemist Claude-Louis Berthollet (1748-1822) was a colleague and collaborator of Lavoisier, . doctor of medicine and physician-in-a physician at the court of the Duke of Orleans, . member of the Paris Academy of Sciences, . government inspector of public dyeing factories, . the caretaker of the mint and, . Finally, . scientific advisor of Napoleon.,
. Berthollet whose home - Talloires in Savoy, studied medicine in Turin, where he received a diploma in 1770
. Shortly thereafter, he moved to Paris, where he began his scientific career as a doctor. Simultaneously, he studied chemistry under the guidance of famous French scientists Makere and Buka.
After 1786 friendly with Lavoisier, together with him and two other eminent scholars - Guyton de Morveau and Furkrua - Berthollet developed the foundations of chemical nomenclature and classification of substances.
As soon as the star shone Napoleon, Berthollet followed him in the Egyptian campaign. Emperor honors heaped on him, appointed a Senator and awarded him the title of count, but this did not prevent Berthollet, as a member of the Senate, to vote in 1814 for the dismissal of Napoleon. After the restoration of the monarchy Berthollet was able not only to retain all his privileges, but also to get a peerage of France.
During the Revolution and the Empire Berthollet on issues related to national defense, and applied chemistry (eg, dyeing). He first used chlorine for bleaching paper and textiles, opened hypochlorites of alkali metals and potassium chlorate (bertolletovu salt ") (1788). In addition, he established the composition of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and acid tsianovodorodnoy.
In his "experience of the chemical statics (1803), he connected with the idea of the mass of chemical reactions, and claimed that the elements can be connected with each other in any proportions, depending on the mass of the reactants. Against this conclusion was made by Proust. The concept of mass and its influence on the course of chemical reactions, but was of great importance for the establishment of chemical statics in the XIX century.
Berthollet was a founder Arkeyskogo society, whose works came out in the light from 1807 to 1817, Mr.. He died in 1822, Mr.. in Arcueil, where he created a laboratory located
. Claude-Louis Berthollet, . which in the eyes of many contemporaries and successors had a reputation as unprincipled and vanity of the court and not even defended his friend and colleague of Lavoisier, . when he was convicted and sentenced to death, . was nonetheless a talented scholar and went down in history as the author of many chemical discoveries.,


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Berthollet, Claude-Louis, photo, biography
Berthollet, Claude-Louis, photo, biography Berthollet, Claude-Louis  French chemist, photo, biography
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