Buhler, Charlotte

(1893 - 1974) was an Austrian-American psychologist and. Based on research diagnosis of mental development ( 'Diagnosis of nervous and mental development of infants', . 1935), . developed a scheme of periodization life a person, . which launched psihobiograficheskomu direction in psychology,
. Human life, according to B., is characterized by four coexisting basic trends: the satisfaction of needs, adaptive self-restraint, creative expansion and establishment of inner harmony. Each of them can dominate at different periods of a person's life, self-fulfillment to-swarm is possible within any of these trends. B. guided by the idea of the unique way of life, activity and the self-entity, to implement the goals, meanings and values. The integration of this activity is carried out personality or 'I' without the participation of consciousness. 'I' when it appears in B. as originally given spiritual education, basically does not change over the life course.