Grigoriev, Anatoly Ivanovich

Born March 23, 1943 in Zhytomyr region. Father - Grigoriev, Ivan G. (1911g.rozhd.). Mother - Olga Grigorieva Isakovna (1917g.rozhd.). Wife - Dorokhova Bell Radikovna (1939g.rozhd.), A doctor by profession, a biochemist, formerly of the Institute of Biomedical Problems. Sons: Grigoryev Sergey (1969g.rozhd.), Igor Grigoriev (1971g.rozhd.).

Parents were members of Anatolia, and it seemed that their son destined to the same path of. However, in high school he was seriously interested in the natural sciences. His ideal was the doctor Ustimenko of the famous movie "My dear man," so after school, despite the objections of her father, Anatoly enrolled in medical school. A remarkable man - Professor Anton Yakovlevich Pytal, head of the urological clinic of the 2 nd Institute of Medicine, head of student circles, became his spiritual father. It was he who instilled in Anatolia love for science. The Institute Grigoriev I became interested in urology, appeared his first published work.

In 1966, after the end of AI Grigoriev joined the Institute of Biomedical Problems, USSR Ministry of Health as a medical test. Since then, all his scientific and practical activities connected with this institution. Here he completed his postgraduate studies (1967-1970) and doctoral (1971-1978). In 1971 he defended a thesis for the degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences, in 1980 - his doctoral thesis in 1986 became professor

. For more than 30 years of work at the Institute of AI Grigor'ev passed through all stages: Researcher (1970-1973), . Senior Fellow (1973-1978), . Head of Laboratory (1978-1980), . Head of Department (1980-1983), . Deputy Director of the Institute for Science (1983-1988),
. In 1988 he was elected a director of the Institute of Biomedical Problems, in 1994 in connection with the reorganization received the status of the State Scientific Center of RF - Institute of Biomedical Problems. From 1996 to the present, AI Grigoriev, is chief medical officer Russia's space agency.

From the first day of work at the Institute of AI Grigor'ev devoted himself wholly to scientific research. Much of what I'm doing then Grigoriev, joined later in the flight techniques. Working with the astronauts, he first began to introduce load tests, and then more complex, isotopic, methods in the training. He studied how to use the hypoxia can reverse the processes occurring in the human body, and increase its resistance to adverse factors of space flight. Experiments were carried out in the mountains of Kyrgyzstan.

After defending his doctoral dissertation scholar carried away by simulation of weightlessness in terms of immersion, ie. when immersed in water rights. Even more successful was the method of dry immersion. Test was placed in a water bath, where he swam wrapped in cloth from all sides, as a cloak. In this "limbo" state, when the feeling disappears support and actually simulated weightlessness, AI Grigor'ev conducted surveillance of all aspects of life and physiology of the cardiovascular and sensory systems, metabolism. Of great interest is the question: whether in such circumstances a person to work, . example, . with remote control vehicle, . and the transition to the Earth's gravity and fly to put the future space samoletN experiments were performed with the testers Igor Volkov and his team,
. They were removed from the bath, where they remained for several days, transported by helicopter to the Chkalovsky airfield, once planted in the plane, and they piloted his. It happened 10 years before the "Buran" ...

One of the most important tasks on which he worked, AI Grigoriev, was that before the descent to Earth to save the astronaut in his body fluid and salt. The latter helps to keep the astronaut orthostatic stability after the flight. Examination of the restructuring of water-salt metabolism, . physiology of the kidney and hormonal regulation of water-salt metabolism in model experiments in microgravity conditions allow AI Grigoriev develop a system to prevent changes in the body in microgravity and hypokinesia, . develop pharmacological and water-salt supplements,
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After two years of hard work the first time they experienced Vitaly Sevastyanov and Peter Klimuk in 63-day flight. After landing, they came out of the ship itself, that was like a miracle. Sevastyanov said that there is no comparison with his previous flight, when they were with Andriyan Nikolaev carried on the hands of trigger device

. The results of research to adapt the basic functions of humans and animals to the conditions of space flight, . performed with the participation and under the leadership of AI Grigoriev, . allowed a scientific basis and introduce methods of manned space flight medical monitoring, . prognosis and management of all human activities and facilitated the implementation of long-term orbital flights of astronauts,
. Under his leadership, implemented the program study of the cardiovascular system and metabolism during prolonged space flight, established mechanisms to minimize the physiological functions and endocrine regulation of metabolism in microgravity

. As a result of the satellites of the series Bion research studied the processes of adaptation of living systems of different evolutionary levels to the influence of gravity; implemented unique terrestrial simulation experiments, . which, . particularly, . established new patterns of change in visceral systems and their interactions under the influence of extreme factors,
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According to AI Grigoriev, Institute for the Future - not only space flight, extreme and underwater medicine. Unique knowledge about human health, accumulated in the selection of astronauts, its interaction with the environment in extreme conditions should be used earth medicine. It is no accident, therefore, . in those countries, . where the nation's health is a priority task of the state, . very interested in the latest achievements of Russian scientists in this field, . including the results of studies of the Institute of Biomedical Problems,
.

In addition to scientific activities AI Grigoriev gave a lot of energy educating the young generation of scientists. Since 1995 he is chair of environmental and extreme medicine MSU. By 15 candidates and doctors of science in the field of space physiology

. For many years, AI Grigoriev, actively participates in various societies, . commissions and working groups, . including as head of the medical support of space flight on the orbital stations Salyut and Mir (1983), . Co-Chair of the Soviet-French working group on space biology and medicine (1983-1990), . Co-Chair of the joint Soviet-Russia-US working group on Space Biology and Medicine (1989 -1992), . Co-Chair of the joint Russia-US working group on the space life science and life support systems (1992 -1994), . Co-Chair of the joint Russia-US working group on Space Biomedicine, . life support systems and Microgravity Science (since 1994), . Co-Chair of the joint working group of ESA / IBMP on Life Sciences (since 1991), . Chairman of the Section of Life Sciences International Academy of Astronautics (1989 - 1993), . member of the Commission on Gravitational Physiology, International Union of Physiological Sciences (since 1992), . chairman of the "Space Biology and Physiology" of the Space Sciences (since 1991), . chairman of the "Space Medicine Division of Biomedical Sciences Medical Sciences (since 1993), . Chairman of the Scientific Council on Space Medicine of Medical Sciences (since 1993), . Chairman of the Main Medical Commission Russia's space agency on inspection of candidates for cosmonauts, . Astronauts and cosmonauts instructors (since 1988), . member of the Coordinating Council of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Russia in the priority line "technology of living systems" (1998), . chairman of the "Organism and Environment" of the Scientific Council of RAS for Physiological Sciences (since 1999), . Deputy Chairman of the Scientific-Technical Council of Rosaviakosmos and Sciences (since 1995),


. AI Grigoriev - Full Member of RAS (1997), . Russia Academy of Medical Sciences (1993), . Russia Academy of Natural Sciences (1996), . Academy of Astronautics Tsiolkovsky (1997), . International Academy of Astronautics (1985, . since 1993 - Vice-President), . Aerospace Medical Association, USA (1991), . New York Academy of Sciences (1994), . International Academy of Sciences (1995), . Member of the Commission on Gravitational Physiology, International Union of Physiological Sciences (1992),


. For research on space medicine, . development of methods for manned missions and participation in the preparation and implementation of international research programs on space biology and medicine, AI Grigor'ev awarded the USSR State Prize (1989), . RF Government Prize (1996), . Award Russia Academy of Medical Sciences of VV Parin (1996), . a number of foreign awards: Award of the American aerospace G. Strugholda Association (1988), . Emile A. Award of the International Astronautical Federation (1996), . Award MV Boynton American Astronautical Association (1996), . Prize of the International Academy of Astronautics for the books in the field of biomedical research (1995, . 1999), . Award Franцїois-Xavier Bagneux University of Michigan (United States, . 1999), awarded medals of Honor (1976), . Red Banner of Labor (1982), . Order "The Banner of Labor" (GDR, . 1985), . medals SP Korolev and the Federation space, Yuri Gagarin of the USSR (1984, . 1987), . medal I,
. Purkinje Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (1988), . NASA Gold Medal for public services (1993), . Medal for the COSPAR International Cooperation (1996), . Medal G. Obert (Germany, . 1996), . Big sign "For Service to the Federal Republic of Austria" (1993), he was awarded the title of "Honored Scientist of Russia" (1996) and Honorary Doctor of the University of Lyon (France, . 1989),
.

AI Grigoriev - author and co-authored about 400 scientific publications, including 7 monographs and 16 chapters in various books, and author of 22 patents. He is editor in chief, Aerospace and Environmental Medicine ", . member of the editorial board of the journal "Human Physiology", . Adviser to the drafting committee of "Space medicine and technology" (China), . co-editor of joint Russo-American Labor "Fundamentals of Space Biology and Medicine",
.

Anatoly remember with gratitude his great teachers - Vasily Parin, Anton Pytalya, Nicholas Lopatkina, Anatoly Darenkova, Oleg Gazenko. As for recreation, it is only in the last three years, he finally began to take leave. When asked what he was particularly expensive (except for work, of course), says: "My friends". Unfortunately, they rarely meet: communicate mostly by phone. As a young man had his own company, went hiking, knew almost all the songs of Okudzhava. Sometimes now come together and remember his youth, singing with guitar. Among his passions - reading of memoir literature, music, theater.

Lives and works in Moscow.