Bludov Dmitri

(1785 - 1864). Place from a very old noble family. Under the guidance of the mother - a woman of outstanding intellect, energy and high moral qualities, Bludov received an excellent education at home. In 1800, Mr.. Bludov entered the service under the command of Bantysh-Kamensky in Moscow archive of Ministry of Foreign Affairs, . which mingle with "archival boys", . fleeing from the general nobility career - military service, of which Bludov especially friends with Dashkov, . and through him met and subsequently befriended Zhukovsky,
. On accession to the throne of Emperor Alexander I Bludov entered the service in St. Petersburg, the College of Foreign Affairs. But the best part of St. Petersburg youth he was interested in the liberal direction of the young emperor and welcomed the proposed reforms. In 1807, Mr.. Bludov received his first diplomatic assignment in Holland to King Louis Bonaparte. In 1810, Mr.. Bludov was appointed ruler of the diplomatic office of Count Kamensky, who commanded the army of the Danube in the Turkish War. Later, he held diplomatic posts in Stockholm and London. Graf Capodistria gave Bludova order to acquaint the foreign press with the present situation in Russia and in the British newspaper to defend our policy of attacking the foreign press. Bludov became an ardent admirer Capodistria and its political system: he shared his negative attitude to the Holy Alliance and Metternich, . not believe the Austrian Friendship, . seen in Austria, our natural rival for influence in Balkan affairs,
. However, Russian public opinion Bludov stood for Russia's intervention in the struggle of Greece against Turkey. Capodistria Bludova called "pearl Russian diplomats". On his return from England, Bludov worked on the translation and publication of "documents for the history of diplomatic relations between Russia and Western powers 1814 - 1822 years". In this work he had to first develop Russian diplomatic language. The resignation of Capodistria ended diplomatic career Bludova. In 1825, Mr.. Emperor Nicholas I, on the instructions of Karamzin, Bludova appointed clerk of the supreme commission of inquiry into the case on December 14. For Bludova it was not an easy task, since many of the Decembrists were familiar to him. Drafted him "report on the secret political societies" provided the material for the verdict of the Supreme Court. This work Bludova provoked an interesting literary controversy: Decembrist emigre Nikolai Turgenev, in his book "La Russie et les russes", sharply condemns Bludova for criminal frivolity and legal blunders report. Before you publish my book about Russia, Turgenev sent Bludova excerpts from her, asking in a letter to refute the charges or, at least, to explain. Bludov left the letter unanswered. Already Bludova the death of his friend and biographer, Egor Kovalevsky, defended the memory of Bludova of these attacks. Turgenev published his "answer" to the book Kovalevsky, in which a new force repeats his accusation. At the close of business on the Decembrists Bludov was appointed State Secretary and Deputy Minister of Education. In 1827, Mr.. he was drafted a decree on the rejection of the children of serfs in schools. In 1828, Mr.. Minister of Education (in place Shishkov) was appointed Earl of Leven, and the main administration of foreign faiths passed to his friend Bludova. In this new position Bludov, on the orders of the emperor, became friendly with Joseph Semashko and together they prepared the Uniates reunion with the Orthodox Church. Since 1832. Bludov managed by the Ministry of the Interior, in 1837. appointed Minister of Justice, in 1839, Mr.. - Chief superintendent compartment II His Majesty's own office, a member of the State Council and Chairman of the Department of Laws. In 1842, Mr.. he granted the Count's dignity. Edited Bludova Part II issued two editions of the Laws (1842 and 1857 years). In 1845, Mr.. Announced composed Part II "of the Penal Code". In its quest to transform the civil justice Bludov met stubborn resistance from the Minister of Justice, Panina, keep "historically proven practices". With the new reign of 70-year Bludov, loyal employee of Nicholas I, had succumbed to the new Government's reform movement. In 1857, Mr.. were prepared drafts of new legal statutes, criminal and civil, statute and the judicial system, but after the liberation of the peasants judicial reform has been put more and transferred to other hands. Since 1857. Bludov participated in the preparation of the peasant reform. In 1859, Mr.. He opposed increasing censorship restrictions, speaking out against the "restraint of mental development of the country". In 1861 - 1862 g. Bludov chaired the State Council and the Committee of Ministers. In the state of Bludova difficult to point to one thing, once adopted by the direction. He always given to the prevailing mood, and change their views according to types of government. He was in the service is always just an honest and talented performer of the supreme will of the. In his youth Bludov took an active part in the literary movement of the early XIX century. The famous "Arzamas" got its name from a satirical article Bludova Vision in Arzamas ". In a joking "Parnassian address-calendar 'Voeikova Bludov designated as" Secretary of State, the god of good taste in office works from senseless and branding the last seal Disapproval. Almost all the major works of art of that era were read in the house Bludova still in manuscript. Vyazemskij in his message so Welcomes Bludova: "You're a friend and brother of the singer Lyudmila, you're friend was Karamzin". In the name of this old friendship, Bludov issued a final, unfinished volume of "Stories" Karamzin, and headed the posthumous publication of poems Zhukovsky. Fully surrendering to public service, Bludov had no leisure for literary work. From him only a few historical notes (on behalf of the Emperor Nicholas, he developed some of the archival documents) and the brochure "The last hours of life of Emperor Nicholas I". Bludov considered at one time a superb stylist, he was often charged with drawing up manifestos. In 1855, Mr.. He was appointed president of the Academy of Sciences, and retained that position until his death. - See. Kovalevsky, "Fornication and his time"; "Notes gr. Antonina Dmitriyevna Bludova "(" Russian Archives ", . 1872 - 1875); Notes Vigel; Dylevskii, . Joseph Semashko "; Tourgueneff, . "La Russie et les russes" and "Answers to Chapter IX Kovalevsky's book and article" Russian Invalid ";" Speech by President of the Academy of Sciences in a meeting on Dec. 23, 1855 ";" Commemorative Meeting of the Academy of Sciences December 29, 1864; B,
. Dzhanshiev, "The era of great reforms", it is, "The Age and judicial reform", "Russian Biographical Dictionary". L. He got.