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Garshin Vsevolod Mikhailovich

( One of the most prominent writers of the literary generation of the seventies)

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Biography Garshin Vsevolod Mikhailovich
Born February 2, 1855, Mr.. Bakhmut in the county, in an old noble family. His childhood was pleasant impression was not rich, in his impressionable soul, on the basis of heredity, early began to develop a hopelessly gloomy outlook on life. A lot of this has contributed and unusually early brain development. Seven years old, he read "The Hunchback of Notre Dame" by Victor Hugo, and rereading it 20 years later, did not find anything in it for themselves new. 8 and 9 years, he was reading "Contemporary". In 1864, Mr.. Garshin enrolled in 7 St. Petersburg High School (now the first real school) and at the end of her course in 1874, he entered the Mining Institute. In 1876, Mr.. He had already met a volunteer to go to Serbia, but he was not allowed, because he was of draft age. April 12, 1877, Mr.. Garshin together with a friend was preparing for an exam in chemistry, when they offered a manifesto of war. At the same moment the note had been thrown, Garshin ran to the Institute to request the dismissal, but a few weeks he was in Chisinau on a volunteer regiment Bolkhov. In the battle on August 11 under Ayaslarom, as the official communique, "the ordinary of the volunteers in. Garshin example of personal courage comrades lured forward into the attack, during which time and shot in the leg ". The wound was not dangerous, but in further hostilities Garshin already did not participate. Commissioned officer, he soon resigned, spent six months with a volunteer of the Philological Faculty of St. Petersburg University, and then devoted himself entirely literary career, which, shortly before, began with a brilliant success. Even before his wounds, he wrote a war story "Four days", published in the October issue of Fatherland Notes 1877. and immediately attracted the spotlight. Subsequent "Four days" short stories: "Incident", "coward", "Meeting", "Artists" (as in "Notes of the Fatherland") strengthened the reputation of a young writer, and promised him a bright future. His soul, however, more and more darkened, and in early 1880. there were serious signs of mental disorder, he suffered before the end of upper secondary school course. First, it was expressed in such forms that it was difficult to determine where the high end system of the soul, and where the madness begins. Thus, immediately after the appointment of Count Loris-Melikov's chief of the Supreme Administrative Commission, Garshin went to see him late at night and not easily made to visit him. During the conversation, which lasted more than an hour, Garshin made it very dangerous to recognize and give a very courageous advice of pardon and forgiveness. Loris-Melikov treated him very kindly. With the same project forgiveness Garshin went to Moscow to the chief of police Kozlov, . then went to Tula, and on foot went to Yasnaya to Leo Tolstoy, . which spent the whole night in a rapturous dream of, . how to arrange the happiness of all mankind,
. But then his mental illness took such form that the mother had put him in Kharkov psychiatric clinic. After staying there for some time, Garshin went to hit the village of his uncle on his mother, stayed there for 11 / 2 years and completely recovered, at the end of 1882, Mr.. arrived in St. Petersburg. To have some non-literary earnings, he entered the office Anolovskoy paper mill, and then gained a place in the general congress of Russian Railways. Then he got married and felt generally well, although at times with him and there were periods of deep, causeless melancholy. The beginning of 1887, Mr.. seemed threatening symptoms, the disease has evolved rapidly. March 19, 1888, Mr.. Garshin rushed to the area 4 th floor in the lumen of the stairs and died on March 24. An expression of deep sorrow caused by the untimely death of Garshin, were the two volumes dedicated to his memory: "Red Flower" (St. Petersburg, 1889, edited by MN. Al'bov, KS. Barantsevich and VS. Likhachev) and "In memory of VM. Garshina "(St. Petersburg, 1889, edited by YA.V. Abramova, P.O. Morozova and AN. Pleshcheeva), in drawing and illustration with the participation of our best literary and artistic forces. In an extremely subjective art Garshina with extraordinary brightness reflect the deep emotional disorder, . which is the most characteristic feature of the literary generation of 70-ies and distinguishes it as a straight-line generation of 60-ies, . and from the later generation, . cared little about the ideals and guiding principles of life,
. At the main warehouse of his soul Garshin was unusually humane nature, the very first of his artistic creation - "Four days" - reflected this aspect of his spiritual being. If he went to war, it is only because it seemed a shame not to take part in the liberation of the brothers, languished under the Turkish yoke. But for him it was enough to first acquaintance with the actual situation of war, to understand the full horror of the extermination of man by man. By "Four days" joins "Truth" - the same deep-felt protest against the war. With this protest had nothing in common with the pattern humanity, . it was a cry from the heart, . not a trend in favor of that camp, . which joined Garshin, . can see from the largest "military" things Garshina - "From the notes of Private Ivanov" (an excellent scene of the show),
. All that he wrote Garshin was like excerpts from his own diary, he did not want to sacrifice for the sake of anything whatsoever by any feeling that came free in his soul. Sincere humanity has affected the story Garshina "incident", where, without any sentimentality, he managed to find a human soul to the extreme level of moral degradation. Next to the pervasive sense of humanity in the creation Garshin, as well as in himself, lived and deep need for the active fight against evil. Against this backdrop, created one of the most famous of his stories: "Artists". The very elegant literary artist and connoisseur of fine art, Garshin in the face of the artist Ryabinina showed that morally sensitive person can not safely indulge in aesthetic delight of creation, when all around so much suffering. Total poetic desire to destroy the truth of the world affected in a surprisingly harmonious-tale "The Red Flower", the tale polubiograficheskoy, because Garshin, in a fit of madness, just wanted to destroy all the evil that exists on earth. But hopeless melancholy throughout the warehouse of his spiritual and physical beings, Garshin did not believe in the triumph of good, nor that the victory over evil can bring peace of mind, and the more happiness. Even in an almost humorous tale "That which was not" discussions cheerful group of insects gathered on the lawn to talk about goals and aspirations of life, ends with the coming drivers and boot crush all participants in the conversation. Ryabinin of the "artists" who threw the art, "does not blossom and recycled in a popular teacher, and not because of the so-called" reasons beyond control, but because the interests of the individual, in the end, too sacrosanct. In enchantingly poetic tale "Attalea princeps" tree, reaching goals and aspirations Exhausted to "freedom", with sorrowful surprise asks: "and only-toN" Art Garshina strength, his ability to paint vivid and expressive, very significant. Some he wrote - about a dozen short stories, but they give him a place among the masters of Russian prose. His best page in the same time full of plaintive poetry and such a sense of realism that, for example, in psychiatry, "Red Flower" is considered the clinical picture, corresponding to the smallest detail of reality. Written Garshins collected in three small "books". Stories Garshin, first published by Garshins in 1882 - 85 years in 2 volumes, after his death became the property of the literary fund and passed the 12 editions. "Garshinsky" capital is now about 60 000 p. In 2 collections in memory Garshin, cm. Andrew, . "Literary Essays"; Michael, . "Works", . Volume VI; Volga, . "Garshin as a religious type" (1907); Bazhenov, . "Psychiatric interviews" (1903); Arseniev, . in the Journal of Europe "in 1888; Eichenwald, . "Silhouettes of Russian Writers"; Skabichevsky, . "Works", . Volume II; Vengerov, . "Sources"; Languages, . Browse, . Issue VIII; Korolenko, . in "History of Russian Literature", . edition of the World "; Protopopov, . Literary critical characteristics; Box, . the "Education", . 1905, . N 11 and 12; Chukovsky, . Critical stories ";" Russian Review ", . 1895, . N 2 and 4; Shelgunov, . "Works", . Volume III; Zlatovratski, . in the "fraternal assistance" (a collection, . 1898),
. S. Vengerov.


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Garshin Vsevolod Mikhailovich, photo, biography
Garshin Vsevolod Mikhailovich, photo, biography Garshin Vsevolod Mikhailovich  One of the most prominent writers of the literary generation of the seventies, photo, biography
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