HILBERT, WILLIAM (Gilbert, William)( English physicist and physician.)
Comments for HILBERT, WILLIAM (Gilbert, William)
Biography HILBERT, WILLIAM (Gilbert, William)
(1544-1603) Born May 24, 1544 in Colchester (Essex). He studied medicine at Cambridge, was engaged in practice in London, where he became president of the Royal College of Medicine, was the court physician of Elizabeth I and James I . In 1600 published a treatise on the magnet, . magnetic bodies and a large magnet - the Earth (De magnete, . magneticisque corporibus, . et magno magnete tellure), . which described the results of their 18-year research on magnetic and electrical phenomena, and put forward the first theory of electricity and magnetism, . Specifically, . found, . that every magnet has two poles, . with the same name poles repel, . and unlike attract, found, . that iron objects under the influence of the magnet acquire magnetic properties (induction) showed an increase in strength of the magnet with a thorough treatment of the surface, . By studying the magnetic properties of magnetized iron ball, indicated that it acts on the compass as well as the Earth, and came to the conclusion that the latter is a giant magnet. Assume that the Earth's magnetic poles coincide with the geographic.
Thanks Gilbert science of electricity has been enriched by new discoveries, precise observations, instruments. With its 'versora' (first electroscope) Gilbert showed, . that the ability to attract small objects have not only polished amber, . and diamond, . Sapphire, . Crystal, . glass and other substances, . which he described as 'electric', . first coined the term in science, . Gilbert discovered the phenomenon of leakage of electricity in a humid atmosphere, its destruction in flames, the screening effect on the electrical charges of paper, fabric or metal, insulating properties of certain materials.
The first in England Gilbert spoke in support of the heliocentric theory of Copernicus. Gilbert died in London (or Colchester) 10 December 1603.
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