Gissing, George Robert (Gissing George Robert)

(1857-1903)
In his best works reflected the transition from the Victorian novel to contemporary. Born November 22, 1857 in Wakefield (Yorkshire). He was enrolled as a student-scholar in the Owens College (Manchester), where in 1876 he was expelled for stealing. He left the United States, he worked as a teacher in a school Uolteme (pc. Massachusetts), then moved to Chicago, wrote stories and published them in local newspapers.
In England, he returned in October 1877, wrote novels, earning his living by tutoring. In 1879 he married a prostitute, whom he knew in his student years, hoping to rehabilitate her, briefly lived together, the couple parted. In 1888 Gissing's wife died, and in 1891 he married a second time - and also fails. After the birth of his second son Gissing parted from his wife. In 1899, he met with a French-educated, a translator of his novel New Hornbeam Street (New Grub Street, 1891).

In the novels of Gissing dominant social issues. Until 1890 he usually wrote about poverty, socialism, class differences and social reform efforts. The action of the novels written after 1890, set in a bourgeois environment, they raise issues of morality or social problems, such as the status of women and the effects of industrialization. Novels with social issues, is equally critical of the conditions of society and the modern reformism, imbued with pessimism

. The most significant novels of Gissing - Workers at the dawn (Workers in the Dawn, . 1880), . Outside of classes (Unclassed, . 1884), . Clarendon Isabella (Isabel Clarendon, . 1886), . Demos (Demos, . 1886), . Tirza (Thyrza, . 1887), . Morning of life (A Life's Morning, . 1888), . Hell (The Nether World, . 1889), . Emansipantka (The Emancipated, . 1890), . Born in exile (Born in Exile, . 1892), . Unnecessary (Odd Women, . 1893), . In the anniversary year (In the Year of Jubilee, . 1894), . Whirlpool (The Whirlpool, . 1897), . The crown of life (The Crown of Life, . 1899), . Our friend charlatan (Our Friend the Charlatan, . 1901), . Veranilda (Veranilda, . 1904) and Will Warburton (Will Warburton, . 1905),
. Gissing also wrote many short stories and very informative book, Charles Dickens: A Critical Analysis (Charles Dickens: A Critical Study, 1898). Gissing twice traveled to the Mediterranean Sea and has published a book of travel notes on his trip to Italy I Ionian Sea (By the Ionian Sea, 1901). The most famous of his books, a collection of short essays Notes Henry Raykrofta (Private Papers of Henry Ryecroft, 1903), referred to as 'small classics'.

Gissing died at Saint-Jean-de-Lyuze December 28, 1903.