Jawaharlal Nehru (Nehru Jawaharlal)

(1889-1964)
Born in Allahabad, November 14, 1889. He received elementary education at home, he studied at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge University. Attended the 'Inner Temple'. In 1912 he returned to India, was elected a delegate Bankipurskogo Congress Indian National Congress (INC). Practice law. For the first time met with Mohandas Gandhi in 1916. From 1923 to 1925, was General Secretary of Congress and one of the chairmen of the Allahabad Municipality. In 1927 he participated in the Congress of the oppressed peoples in Brussels as a delegate of the Congress.
Nehru was re-elected president of Congress in 1929 and again in 1936, 1937, 1946 and 1951-1954. In September 1946 he was appointed vice-chairman of the Transitional Government of India, which received the portfolio of Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister for the Commonwealth. August 15, 1947, became prime minister of the Dominion of India, remained head of the cabinet, after in January 1950 the country gained independence. Nehru maintained that position after the first general elections in 1951-1952, who returned to power, INC.. In 1959 the border dispute with China, India, nearly led to armed clashes, and Nehru took a hard line, warning that India, if necessary, use force to defend its territorial integrity. In the same year, Nehru gave refuge to the Dalai Lama after the entry of Chinese troops in Tibet. In April 1958 expressed a desire to temporarily retire to 'collect his thoughts', but abandoned his plans and stayed on as prime minister. Among his books - look at the history of the world (Glimpses of World History, 1934), Autobiography (An Autobiography, 1936), to freedom (Toward Freedom, 1941) and The Discovery of India (The Discovery of India, 1946).

Nehru died in New Delhi on May 27, 1964.