(2. 2. 1904 - 15. 12. 1938)
W Calovius Valery test pilot. Born February 2, 1904 in the village Vasilevo (now Chkalovsk Б? city of Nizhny Novgorod Region). Russian. Studied at the Cherepovets turner in apprenticeship. In 1918-1919 worked as a striker in Vasilevsky backwater, a fireman on the excavator and the steamer.
In the army since 1919. Before 1921 Б? mechanic to repair and assembly of aircraft. In 1923 he graduated from military theory Egorievskay School Air Force in 1923 Б? Borisoglebsk Air Force Pilot School in 1924 Б? Moscow school of aerobatics and high school Serpuchovskay air combat, shooting and bombing. He served in line units air. From 1928 Б? in stock. In 1929-1930 Б? pilot-instructor Leningrad aviation club SFAF.
Since 1930 Б? again in the army. In 1930-1933 Б? Test Pilot of the Air Force Institute. Since 1933 Б? in stock. Since 1933 Б? test pilot aircraft factory Б•ї 39 and Polikarpov OKB (at the Central Airport). Rise into the sky and tested a fighter I-14, I-15, I-16, formed the basis of fighter aircraft the Air Force in the late 1930's.
. 20-22 July 1936 at the ANT-25 (second pilot Б? GF Bajdukov, . navigator Б? AV Belyakov) made a nonstop flight from Moscow through the Arctic Ocean and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on Udd Island (now the island Б? Chkalov) length of 9374 km.,
. W tion of the Hero of the Soviet Union Valery Valery Chkalov awarded July 24, 1936 for the implementation of this flight and for displaying courage and heroism.
. 18-20 June 1937 in ANT-25 (second pilot Б? GF Bajdukov, navigator Б? AV Belyakov) made a non-stop flight from Moscow to the North Pole Б? Б? Vancouver (USA) 8504 km long.
. In 1937 was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR
. Lived in Moscow. Died Dec. 15, 1938 during the first flight on the plane I-180 at the Central Airport. This was the first flight of fighter aircraft design Polikarpov, which was to replace the famous but aging and-16. The flight was prepared in a terrible hurry - in time before the end of the year. Polikarpov even refused to sign the act of commitment to the first plane crash. Do it for them DL Tomasevic was then arrested.
Flight task instructing Chkalov Б• make its first flight without landing gear with a speed limit ... The central route to the airfield, at an altitude of 600 meters Б•? Nevertheless, he left the border Khodynka flying over the near Stalin's dacha, making a unique gift for the birthday of leader.
This day was cold-24o C. Even while landing engine M-88 is not equipped with head-blind, supercooled and when attempting to change the mode of his work stalled. Chkalov tried to hang on to the airfield. But already on the way seeing that the plane did not fly over a barracks, where there might be people Tchkalov turned back and crashed in the center-high-voltage support ... Pilot ejected in the collision of the cockpit with steering wheel in half-bent position. As he fell, he hit his head on the protruding rails and broke his cerebellum. After 2 hours, he died at the Botkin Hospital without regaining consciousness.
The urn containing the ashes Chkalova installed in the Kremlin wall. Awarded 2 orders of Lenin, Order of the Red Banner Medal. After his death in 1938 Chkalov called Orenburg (the historical name of the city returned in 1957). His name is given to towns, streets in many cities, ships, schools, tertiary Pilot School in Orenburg, Central Flying Club, aircraft factories in Tashkent and Novosibirsk. There is street Chkalova in Canada, Vancouver. In Nizhny Novgorod and other cities, the monuments were erected.
Compositions:
Our transpolar flight from Moscow to the North Pole Б? Б? North America. Moscow, 1938;
My life belongs to the Motherland. Articles and Speeches. M., 1954, etc.
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