Shalamov Varlam Tihonovich

Shalamov Varlam Tihonovich (1907 - 1982), writer.

Was born in Vologda in the family of a priest, a man of progressive views, to liaise with local exiles. Youth ideal Shalamova were Populists. After high school he left for Moscow, where for two years working on tanner tannery in Setun.

In 1926 entered the Moscow University's Faculty of Soviet law, actively participates in the life of the capital: Meetings and literary debates, demonstrations and poetry readings.

February 19, 1929 was arrested for distributing so-called a testament of Lenin ( "Letter to Congress") and sentenced to three years of camp prisoners who were serving on Vishera (Northern Urals).

In 1932 returned to Moscow, working in magazines, publishes articles, satires, essays. In 1936 the story "Three Deaths of Dr. Austin" was published in the journal "October". A lot wrote: poems and stories.

January 1, 1937 again arrested and sentenced to five years in the Kolyma camps: he worked in the goldfields in the taiga, in the coal development of the Magadan region.

In 1942 received a new term - 10 years - for being called Bunin Russian classics (was seen as anti-Soviet agitation). Again went through beatings, starvation, cold, humiliation ...

In 1946, physician A. Pantiukhov, risking their own "career" a prisoner-doctor sent Shalamova courses paramedics in the central hospital. It saved his life.

In 1949, first began to write poetry. In 1951 was released from the camp, but was unable to leave. Only in November 1953 is coming to Moscow, met with the family, but to live here still has no right (was not rehabilitated). Leaves in the Kalinin region, worked as a foreman at the peat, then the agent for the supply and ... wrote Kolyma tales. After rehabilitation, in 1956, returned to Moscow, he worked in the magazine "Moscow" freelance reporter, and published essays.

In 1957 the magazine "Banner publishes his poems. In 1961 the first published collection of poems, "Flint", in 1964 - "The Rustle of leaves", in 1967 - "The Road and the fate. But stories Shalamova nobody dares to write the editorial board of their return, and he is going through a difficult, but continues to work.

In 1971, finished the novel "Black Vologda" in 1973 - story "Vishera", "Fyodor Raskolnikov".

He worked until his last days, even in a boarding school, where in 1979 put him Litfond. January 17, 1982 V. Shalamov died. In 1987 appeared the first publication of his prose and poetry from the Kolyma notebooks. "New World" in 1988 gave a selection of Kolyma tales. Kolyma epic Shalamova includes collections of short stories and essays: "Kolyma Tales", "Left Bank", "Artists of spades", "Sketches of the criminal world", "Resurrection of larch, etc.