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Yuri Kalinin Tihonovich

( Lenin Prize winner, academician of Russia Academy of Medical and Technical Sciences, Doctor)

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Biography Yuri Kalinin Tihonovich
Born September 17, 1938 in the village Valuevo Zavitinsk district of Khabarovsk Krai. Father - Kalinin Tikhon Timofeyevich (1911. born.). Mother - Kalinina Ekaterina (1918. born.). Wife - Kuleshova Tamara (1933 g.rozhd.). Son - Andrey Kalinin (1971 g.rozhd.).

From 1955 to 1973 YU.T. Kalinin served in the Armed Forces. In 1965 he graduated from the Higher Military Academy of Chemical Defense, defended his thesis for the degree of Candidate of Chemical Sciences. In 1973 he was appointed assistant to a member of the scientific-technical council Glavmikrobioproma the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and in 1974 became deputy director of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Biotechnology (1974-1975).

. One of the main directions of scientific activity YU.T
. Kalinin was the study of the relationship between the structure of biologically active compounds and functions in cells. Based on many years of theoretical and experimental studies conducted in this direction have been formulated scientific approaches to the creation of modern methods of instrumental analysis of microorganisms in environmental objects. These approaches are successfully realized he created a scientific school in the State Research Center "State Research Institute for Biological Instrumentation.

YU.T. Kalinin was the founder, first director of the Institute (1975-1980) and for 25 years is its scientific director. Under his leadership, here created the first domestic immunoassay system for detection of pathogens of especially dangerous infections of viral and bacterial origin. That these developments have become a kind prototypes of modern test systems to diagnose hepatitis A and B, and HIV. Develop modern methods and new devices for microanalysis using the phenomena of photo-and chemiluminescence, gas and liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, hromatemass spectrometry. Almost all the development went into mass production and available now by domestic industry (photometers to monitor the state of sugar in the blood of patients with diabetes, . chromatographs class "Crystal" for analytical laboratories, . photoluminescent sensors for recording the analytical effect of immunological reactions, etc.),
. With the direct participation YU.T. Kalinina program was created, made fundamental research and arrange for academic and industrial research institutions specialized reagents, instruments and equipment. Organized production of reagents for conducting genetic engineering work (enzymes sharing of nucleic acids, . nucleotides, . nucleosides, . including protected, . sorbents for the purification of biopolymers and cells), . equipment for the biotechnological synthesis of biologically active substances.,

. In 1980 YU.T
. Kalinin, head of the All-Union Industrial Union of biologicals (1980-1983), then was appointed first deputy chief of Glavmikrobioproma the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Since 1986, he was Deputy Minister for Medical and Microbiological Industry of the USSR.

The Ministry YU.T. Kalinin was responsible for the application of advances in basic science in molecular biology, genetics and genetic engineering in health care practice. Focus at first given to the establishment of immunobiological drugs by methods of recombinant technology. Earlier basic vaccines and immunologic drugs received either from the strains of pathogens, either from the blood, which did not exclude the possibility of reinfection. In a relatively short period of time managed to form immunobiological sub industry, based on the latest developments in molecular biology, chemistry and genetics. By the end of 1980 appeared the first home recombinant vaccines, interferons and their inducers. It was established mass production of disposable syringes, systems of collection and transfusion, etc.. Significantly increased production of antibiotics, blood substitutes and infusion solutions.

First Steps works in the industry coincided with the appearance on the territory of the Soviet Union, cases of HIV infection. In this situation it was necessary to solve the problem of laboratory diagnosis of HIV, thereby stem the spread of this dangerous disease. With good Spike ministry officials with representatives of academic science as a result of action taken by then managed to significantly reduce the possible negative consequences.

In 1985 YU.T. Kalinin was one of the initiators of the interbranch scientific-technical complex (ISTC) "nut", which were combined leading scientific schools of the RAS and professional institutes. Since then, the domestic life sciences occupied a leading place in the world not only in the basic section, but also in the practical application of their results. In collaboration with the leading scientists of Russia Academy of Sciences YU.T. Kalinin made a great contribution to the formation and development of new molecular biology and genetics, which led to the formation of modern biotechnology.

For a series of works on fundamental problems of biotechnology YU.T. Kalinin, together with a group of scientists in 1985 awarded the Lenin Prize in Science and Technology.

Remembering their teachers and staff, Yuri Tikhonovich calls names of prominent scientists - A.P. Alexandrov, Yu.A.. Ovchinnikov, AA. Baev, GK. Scriabin, E.I. Chazov, VM. Zhdanov, VI. Pokrovsky, RV. Petrova, D.K. Lvov п?.п?. Ashmarina, B.F. Semenov, AA. Vorobyov. They, he says, helped him emerge as a researcher and organizer of science. With great gratitude YU.T. Kalinin recalls and work with such great organizers of industry, as a Ph.D.. Ustinov, VD. Belyaev and E.P. Slavskii. Thanks to their support in the country to open a number of modern research centers and industrial enterprises, . lay the foundations of national biotechnology capacity, . able to develop modern drugs and occupying positions on a number of world-class,
.

The bulk of this capacity is now concentrated in RAO "biological product", chairman and general director from 1991 to 2001 was YU.T. Kalinin. Concern is now more than 35 percent of medicines and medical products from the total volume of drugs produced in Russia.

Key place in the YU.T. Kalinin took a medical problem for patients with diabetes mellitus. Under the leadership YU.T. Kalinina, RAO "biological product" is developed and implemented a subroutine, which envisions the development of domestic production of control of diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemic agents, and human insulin. Designed and developed mass production of the full range of technical means, . necessary for the diagnosis of diabetes, . Device self-patients (test strips for blood glucose, . urine, . ketones in the urine, . microalbuminuria, . glucometers, . kits for glikolizirovannogo hemoglobin),
. The set is made in accordance with the requirements of international standards, which enables the country to save annually 35-40 million dollars by eliminating the purchase of sets of import.

In 1999 were completed successfully carried out under the guidance YU.T. Kalinina research to create a producer strain of the hybrid protein containing human proinsulin, and developing the technology of separation from his insulin. Created in these studies recombinant plasmid DNA, . encodes a hybrid polypeptide, . strain of bacteria - a producer of the polypeptide and the technology of genetically engineered human insulin obtain protected by patents, . and the results of these studies recommended by the Health Ministry of Russia for clinical trials,
. From January 2002 to begin production of genetically engineered human insulin to the pilot plant.

. For the first time in Russia in the Scientific-Production Association "biological product" has been launched as commercial production of alpha-2-interferon, interleukin-1beta, erythropoietin, and several other useful for health and agricultural products.

. As you know, the 1990's were the hardest test for Russia's industrial medicine and related branches of science, especially biotechnology
.

The situation was indeed very difficult. The pharmaceutical industry was the only industry, which the state is restricted to the profitability of production. And this at a time when interest on bank loans up to several hundred, when the prices of raw materials and energy prices rising 5-8 times faster than the prices of drugs. Sector was characterized by low productivity, outdated nomenclature. Pricing policy was set so that pharmacies and distributors to become profitable to sell imported drugs. As a result, Russia's pharmaceutical market has created a situation, . when about half of the medicines were foreign-made medicines, . and 60-70 percent of domestic production of drugs are old drugs, . more than 70 percent of drugs in Russia is made from imported raw materials and substances.,

. YU.T
. Kalinin was one of those set to radically change the situation. In 1995, many companies within the industry decided to join the association "Rosmedprom", headed by YU.T. Kalinin. The Association has set itself the task to develop a new strategy for industry development. In 3-4 years it was possible not only to stop the decline in production of drugs in the country, but also to achieve its sustainable growth. Now, many of the companies included in their time in the association "Rosmedprom, are the leaders of the domestic economy. And in this great achievement YU.T. Kalinin.

Since 2001 YU.T. Kalinin is the Chairman of the Board of Directors of NGOs "Biotechnology - XXI Century", . member of the presidium Rossiyskogo union domestic producers (2001), . member of the Coordination Council for the priority area of technology of living systems in the Ministry of Science of Russia, . Chief of the Space Biotechnology Coordinating Council Russia Academy of Sciences and Russia Space Academy (since 1993).,

. Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor YU.T
. Kalinin works hard on the training of scientific personnel,
. Under his leadership, produced 8 Candidate's and 6 doctoral theses.

He - the author of more than 200 scientific papers, including more than 70 inventions and 3 monographs. The most important of his work: "Method for production of recombinant human erythropoietin (1998), . "Method for production of recombinant tumor necrosis factor" (2000), . "Recombinant plasmid DNA, . encodes a hybrid polypeptide, . containing the human proinsulin, . and the strain of bacteria - a producer of hybrid polypeptide, . containing human proinsulin (1999), . "Immunomodulatory agent" Betaleykin "(1999).,

. YU.T
. Kalinin - winner of the Lenin Prize (1985), Honored Scientist of Russia (1988). Awarded the Labor Red Banner (1981), "Badge of Honor" (1976). Marked Star VI. Vernadsky I degree (1999), the premium name of academician I.N. Blokhin (2000), the RF Government Prize (2001).

Yuri Tihonovich like hunting and fishing. When there is free time to enjoy playing tennis and walking with a dog. Likes to read M. Sholokhov, And hear the song. Pakhmutova, loves the scenery and. Levitan. Sometimes participates in the preparation of corporate family dishes - Siberian dumplings.

Lives and works in Moscow.


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Yuri Kalinin Tihonovich, photo, biography
Yuri Kalinin Tihonovich, photo, biography Yuri Kalinin Tihonovich  Lenin Prize winner, academician of Russia Academy of Medical and Technical Sciences, Doctor, photo, biography
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