LEVITSKY Vladimir Osipovich

Levitsky Vladimir Osipovich (I.) (cf.. Pham. Tsederbaum) (28 Feb.. 1883, St. Petersburg-22 Feb.. 1938, Ufa). From the employee's family. Jr.. brother YU.O. Martov. In 1897, as a high school student, participated in a-d. Traffic was a gr. "Working the banner" in on of the Red Cross. First arrested in 1899. He studied in St. Petersburg. un-te. In 1901, for org-tion studench. demonstrations sent. After his exile he lived in Poltava; agent "Iskra" from 1902. Repeatedly arrested. In 1904 - abroad. Participant Revolution of 1905-07 in St. Petersburg. Affairs. 4-th (Obedinit.) Party Congress (1906): 1906 tsp. RSDLP. During the reaction - "liquidator". During the 1-st world. War supported far-right groups "defencists". Responsible. red. w. Delo. One of the authors Menshevik. five-volume "The social movement in Russia in the early. XX century. "(SP, 1909-14).
After the February. Revolution of 1917 total sobr. Mensheviks in Moscow on March 17 elected Provisional. desks. to-ta. April 26. on cit. Zamoskvorets. District of Moscow. org-tion RSDLP advocated the participation of the Mensheviks during. pr-ve. In May Vseros. Conf. Mensheviks adopted on the report Levitsky resolution on participation in elections to local authorities on separateness, lists. Affairs. Mosk. Region. Conf. (10-13 July) and Moscow. obschegor. Conf. (August 5). Mensheviks. Tsp. MK Mensheviks, tsp. Editorial Menshevik. gas. "Forward", "working papers". In Sept.. the Congress RSDLP (o) was elected member of. CC. Signed the Declaration of Menshevik "defencists" Dem. meeting: "... Outside the coalition. power is no salvation for riven class. hatred and class. selfishness of Russia and let the Dem. meeting will reject any unilateral attempt to seize power once again adopt its authoritative decision of the coalition. power "(" Unity ", 1917, Sep 7.).

October. roar-mation not received. 12 Nov.. signed a collective statement: "Due to busy working the newspaper's position on the agreement with the Bolsheviks, . K ц°цЁцЎ we believe fatal to the interests of the proletariat and the Revolution of, . we, . undersigned, . declare his resignation from the staff "working papers" ( "the Working newspaper", . 1917, . 12 Nov.).,
. At an extraordinary congress RSDLP (a) opposed the alliance with the Bolsheviks, and noted that "... the tactics of humouring the natural sentiments of the masses has never led to the strengthening started with Social-Democracy" ( "Day". 1917, Dec. 1.). In this paper, "What do the Social Democrats?" (Moscow, 1917), Levitsky wrote that in Russia can not be Sots. Revolution of, tk. there is still no strong organized. the proletariat, and that "complete his political freedom means-unlimited freedom of conscience, speech, press, assembly, unions and strikes ... right to self-determination for all nations affiliated to the state-va "(with. 11): suggested that the "Prospect of Ros. Republic has offered to others. State-you on the agreement about the gradual reduction suhoput. and obsolescence. weapons in order to pave the way for a general disarmament of all peoples and the establishment of the World Union Dem. State-in "(with. 16).